Nokea
Secobarbital and ethanol when given together show:
- A. Additive sedative action
- B. Reduced sedative action
- C. Competitive antagonism
- D. Chemical antagonism
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Both secobarbital (barbiturate) and ethanol are CNS depressants, resulting in additive sedation.
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A nurse is planning to administer a first dose of Captopril to a client who has hypertension. Which of the following medications can intensify first dose hypotension? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Simvastatin
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide
- C. aliskiren
- D. Clonidine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diuretics , clonidine , and aliskiren enhance hypotension with captopril's first dose.
Elderly patients who are started on levothyroxine for hypothyroidism may experience which of the following as a side effect that would require reevaluation of dosage?
- A. Excessive sedation
- B. Tachycardia and angina
- C. Weight gain
- D. Cold intolerance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine can cause tachycardia and angina in the elderly if overdosed; sedation or weight gain suggest underdosing.
What does the nurse understand must occur in order to produce withdrawal syndrome?
- A. Addiction
- B. Craving
- C. Drug tolerance
- D. Physical dependence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physical dependence causes withdrawal when a drug stops; addiction or tolerance don't suffice. Patients who develop a physical dependence on a drug will experience withdrawal syndrome when the drug is stopped.
What factor influences drug absorption?
- A. Kidney function
- B. Route of administration
- C. Liver function
- D. Cardiovascular function
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Drug absorption is influenced by the route of administration. IV administration is the fastest method; drug absorption is slower when given orally. Kidney function impacts excretion, liver function impacts metabolism, and cardiovascular function impacts distribution.
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for Metformin. Which of the following adverse effects of Metformin should be correct the client to report to the provider?
- A. Somnolence
- B. Constipation
- C. Fluid retention
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Somnolence could indicate lactic acidosis, a rare but serious metformin side effect to report.