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The nurse explains the Drug Enforcement Agency's (DEA's) schedule of controlled substances to the nursing assistant who asks, Do you ever get a prescription for Schedule I medications? What is the nurse's best response?
- A. Schedule I medications have no medical use so they are not prescribed.
- B. Schedule I medications have the lowest risk for abuse and do not require a prescription.
- C. Schedule I medications are only prescribed in monitored units for patient safety.
- D. Schedule I medications are found in antitussives and antidiarrheals sold over the counter.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Schedule I medications have no medical use and are never prescribed. Schedule V medications have the lowest risk for abuse and are found mostly in antitussives and antidiarrheals but they are not sold over the counter.
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An older adult experiencing shortness of breath is brought to the hospital by her daughter. While obtaining the medication history from the patient and her daughter, the nurse discovers that neither has a list of the patient's current medications or prescriptions. The patient has a weekly pill dispenser that contains four different pills. The prescriptions are filled through the local pharmacy. Which resource would be appropriate to use in determining the medication names and doses?
- A. Martindale-The Complete Drug Reference
- B. Drugs and Facts Comparisons
- C. Senior citizens' center
- D. Patient's home pharmacy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient's pharmacy maintains an accurate record of all current medications, making it the best resource for identifying the drugs and doses.
A nursing instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of nursing students about pharmacology. When describing this topic, the instructor would focus the discussion on which of the following as an essential aspect?
- A. Drug name
- B. Drug class
- C. Drug action
- D. Drug source
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pharmacology is the study of drugs and their action on living organisms. Thus, an essential aspect of pharmacology is drug action. An understanding of the drug name, drug class, and drug source is important, but the most critical aspect related to pharmacology is how the drug acts in the body.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are useful in a variety of disorders. Which of the following statements are true about both its usefulness in the disorder and the reason for its use?
- A. Stable angina because it decreases the thickening of vascular walls due to decreased modified release.
- B. Heart failure because it reduces remodeling of injured myocardial tissues.
- C. Both 1 and 2 are true and the reasons are correct.
- D. Both 1 and 2 are true but the reasons are wrong.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce myocardial remodeling in heart failure; they are not used for stable angina.
L-Dopa is
- A. Converted to methyl dopa in the body
- B. Antagonised by riboflavine
- C. Antagonized by nicotinic acid
- D. Combined with carbidopa for enhanced effect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Carbidopa enhances L-Dopa's effect by preventing peripheral breakdown.
A patient is prescribed lidocaine for ventricular arrhythmias. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for?
- A. Hypotension
- B. Nausea
- C. Seizures
- D. Bradycardia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lidocaine, a Class IB antiarrhythmic, can cause CNS side effects like seizures at high doses, a key monitoring point.