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Secretin hormone:
- A. Released in response to acidic gastric juice.
- B. Stimulates stomach mobility.
- C. Stimulates HCL secretion.
- D. All of the above are correct.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because secretin hormone is released in response to acidic gastric juice, acting to neutralize the acidity by stimulating pancreatic bicarbonate secretion. Choice B and C are incorrect as secretin does not stimulate stomach mobility or HCL secretion. Therefore, the correct answer is A as it aligns with the function of secretin in regulating pH balance in the digestive system.
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Which of the following statements about the role of the intestine in development of obesity best describes the situation?
- A. Obesity occurs because gut hormone secretion becomes deranged and PYY secretion fails to give a satiety signal.
- B. The gut/brain signalling pathway controls energy intake to within 2% of requirements, even in people who are morbidly obese
- C. The problem is one of greed and gluttony, whereby people override strong satiety signals on a regular basis
- D. Flavour signals from tasty, processed food will override satiety signals even after a large meal
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because flavor signals from tasty, processed food can indeed override satiety signals even after a large meal. This is due to the hedonic aspect of eating, where the pleasure derived from consuming flavorful foods can lead to overeating despite feeling full. The brain's reward system plays a significant role in this process, causing individuals to continue eating beyond their caloric needs. In contrast, choices A, B, and C do not accurately describe the role of the intestine in the development of obesity. Choice A focuses on hormonal imbalances, which can contribute to obesity but does not solely explain the complex nature of obesity development. Choice B oversimplifies the control of energy intake, disregarding the various factors influencing eating behaviors. Choice C places the blame solely on personal choices without considering the physiological and psychological factors that contribute to overeating.
The secretion of the exocrine pancreas is increased by the following except:
- A. Vagal stimulation
- B. Acetylcholine
- C. Secretin
- D. CCK
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vagal stimulation. Vagal stimulation does not directly increase the secretion of the exocrine pancreas. Acetylcholine, Secretin, and CCK are known to stimulate pancreatic secretion through various mechanisms. Acetylcholine acts through muscarinic receptors, Secretin is released in response to acidic chyme in the duodenum, and CCK is released in response to fat and proteins in the duodenum, all leading to increased pancreatic enzyme secretion. Vagal stimulation plays a role in the parasympathetic nervous system but does not directly stimulate pancreatic secretion.
Regarding pancreatic secretion:
- A. Trypsin is secreted in the active form.
- B. CCK stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate.
- C. Secretin stimulates the secretion of enzymes.
- D. Chemotrypsinogen is activated by trypsin.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
1. Chemotrypsinogen is the inactive precursor of chymotrypsin.
2. Trypsin activates chemotrypsinogen to form active chymotrypsin.
3. This activation occurs in the small intestine, enabling protein digestion.
Summary:
A: Trypsin is secreted as an inactive zymogen, not in the active form.
B: CCK stimulates enzyme secretion, not bicarbonate.
C: Secretin mainly stimulates bicarbonate secretion, not enzymes.
Which of the following is not a part of the digestive system?
- A. Liver
- B. Gallbladder
- C. absorption-neet-mcq/ 8/13 1/17/25, 2:54 PM Digestion and Absorption NEET MCQ 2024
- D. Lungs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lungs. The lungs are not a part of the digestive system. The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients, absorbing those nutrients, and eliminating waste. The lungs are part of the respiratory system, responsible for gas exchange. Liver (A) and gallbladder (B) are both part of the digestive system, aiding in digestion and nutrient absorption. Absorption (C) is a process within the digestive system, not a separate entity. In summary, the lungs do not play a role in the digestion process, making them the correct answer choice.
Which of these organs is not considered an accessory digestive structure?
- A. mouth
- B. salivary glands
- C. pancreas
- D. liver
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mouth. The mouth is not considered an accessory digestive structure because it is part of the main digestive system. The mouth is where the process of digestion begins with the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing and the chemical breakdown through the action of saliva produced by salivary glands. The salivary glands, pancreas, and liver are all accessory digestive structures because they aid in the digestion process but are not part of the alimentary canal. Salivary glands produce enzymes to further break down food, the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the small intestine, and the liver produces bile to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. These organs work alongside the main digestive system to help with the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.