Nokea
Select the correct statements regarding the ovary:
- A. it is covered on the surface by a simple epithelium;
- B. it displays the glandular parenchyma on the inside;
- C. it contains follicles at various stages of development;
- D. it connects by ligaments to the Fallopian tube;
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement is B: it displays the glandular parenchyma on the inside. The ovary contains specialized tissue called parenchyma, which consists of follicles that house the ova (eggs). This glandular tissue is responsible for producing hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
Rationale:
- A is incorrect because the ovary is actually covered by a specialized epithelial layer called the germinal epithelium, not a simple epithelium.
- C is incorrect because while the ovary does contain follicles at various stages of development, this alone does not encompass the entire function or structure of the ovary.
- D is incorrect because the ovary is connected to the Fallopian tube via the infundibulopelvic ligament, not directly by ligaments.
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A nurse is called to the playground near her house in relation to an adolescent who experienced intense pain in his testicle after riding his bike. The nurse suspects which of the following problems has occurred?
- A. Torsion of the spermatic cord
- B. Cryptorchidism
- C. Phimosis
- D. Spermatocele
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Testicular torsion presents with sudden, severe pain and requires immediate medical attention.
Where do the testes originate in a fetus?
- A. scrotal sac
- B. pelvic cavity
- C. abdominal cavity
- D. retroperitoneal space
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The testes originate in the abdominal cavity in a fetus. During development, they descend into the scrotal sac through the inguinal canal. This process is essential for proper sperm production as the scrotal environment provides optimal temperature for sperm development. The other choices are incorrect because the testes do not initially form in the scrotal sac, pelvic cavity, or retroperitoneal space. The correct sequence of descent from the abdominal cavity to the scrotal sac is crucial for normal reproductive function.
With respect to Sertoli cells which of the following statements is incorrect
- A. Nourish developing sperm
- B. receive stimulation by testosterone
- C. phagocytose defective sperm
- D. secrete the hormone inhibin which inhibits luteinizing hormone secretion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Sertoli cells do secrete inhibin, but it does not inhibit luteinizing hormone secretion. Inhibin actually inhibits follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. Sertoli cells support spermatogenesis by nourishing developing sperm (A), they are stimulated by testosterone (B), and they also phagocytose defective sperm (C). Therefore, option D is incorrect as it misrepresents the role of inhibin in the endocrine regulation of the male reproductive system.
After arriving for your shift in the emergency department (ED), you receive change-of-shift report about all of these clients. Which one do you need to assess first?
- A. A 19-year-old client with scrotal swelling and severe pain that has not decreased with elevation of the scrotum.
- B. A 25-year-old client who has a painless indurated lesion on the glans penis.
- C. A 44-year-old client with an elevated temperature, chills, and back pain associated with recurrent prostatitis.
- D. A 77-year-old client with abdominal pain and acute bladder distention.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe scrotal pain unrelieved by elevation suggests testicular torsion, a urologic emergency.
A patient comes in having had repeated colds and infections. Problems in his ear are shown to be due to accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. This is due to a blockage of the:
- A. Saccule
- B. Utricle
- C. External ear
- D. Eustachian tube
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Eustachian tube. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat, helping to equalize air pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear. Blockage of the Eustachian tube can lead to fluid accumulation in the middle ear, causing ear problems. The other choices, A: Saccule and B: Utricle, are structures in the inner ear related to balance and hearing, not fluid drainage. Choice C: External ear, refers to the outer ear structures and is not involved in middle ear fluid accumulation.