Nokea
Select the strand of DNA that would match this segment: ACTTGCA
- A. TGAACGT
- B. GACCATG
- C. ACTTGCA
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct match for the DNA segment ACTTGCA is TGAACGT. In DNA, adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) always pairs with guanine (G). Therefore, the complementary strand to ACTTGCA should be TGAACGT, making choice A the correct answer. Choice B (GACCATG) does not follow the base pairing rules; hence, it is incorrect. Choice C (ACTTGCA) is the original segment, not its complementary strand. Choice D is incorrect as well because a matching strand does exist.
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What are the three types of muscle tissue?
- A. Cardiac, spinal, stomach
- B. Smooth, skeletal, cardiac
- C. Neuron, epithelial, collagen
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smooth, skeletal, cardiac. Smooth muscle is found in organs like the stomach and is involuntarily controlled. Skeletal muscle is found in voluntary muscles, like the bicep or quadriceps. Cardiac muscle is found only in the heart walls and works involuntarily to make the heart beat and pump blood. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not represent the three types of muscle tissue.
What is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the atmosphere and on all objects on the Earth's surface?
- A. The Coriolis effect
- B. The Corona effect
- C. The Archimedes effect
- D. The tidal effect
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The Coriolis effect is the effect of the Earth's rotation on the atmosphere and on all objects on the Earth's surface. It causes moving objects and currents to be deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere. This deflection is a result of the rotation of the Earth and plays a crucial role in influencing weather patterns and ocean currents around the globe. The other choices provided are incorrect. The Corona effect is related to the Sun's atmosphere, the Archimedes effect involves buoyancy in fluids, and the tidal effect is associated with the gravitational forces between the Earth, the Moon, and the Sun.
The mixture of gases surrounding a planet is referred to as its ______.
- A. Atmosphere
- B. Stratosphere
- C. Biosphere
- D. Troposphere
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The mixture of gases surrounding a planet is referred to as its atmosphere. The atmosphere plays a crucial role in supporting life on Earth by providing oxygen, regulating carbon dioxide levels, and shielding the planet from harmful radiation. While the stratosphere, troposphere, and other layers are part of the atmosphere, the term 'atmosphere' encompasses the entire gaseous envelope surrounding a planet. The stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere are specific layers within the atmosphere, each with distinct characteristics and functions.
In a phospholipid molecule, the head:
- A. Is hydrophilic
- B. Is hydrophobic
- C. Is on the inner side of the layer
- D. Both A and C
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The head of a phospholipid is hydrophilic (water-loving) and is located on the outer side of the lipid bilayer, interacting with water molecules. This arrangement positions the hydrophobic tails inward, away from water. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choice A is incorrect because the head is hydrophilic, not hydrophobic. Choice B is incorrect as the head is on the outer side, not the inner side of the layer.
How do animal cells divide?
- A. Through a contractile ring
- B. Via a cell plate
- C. Both methods
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Animal cells divide through a contractile ring made of actin and myosin filaments. The ring contracts, pinching the cell membrane in the middle to form two daughter cells. Plant cells use a cell plate due to their rigid cell walls, making choices B and C incorrect. Choice D is incorrect as animal cells do use the contractile ring method for division.