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She is a fierce competitor, and nothing is going to keep her from running that marathon despite a hamstring injury. Which of the following describes the grammar problem in the sentence above?
- A. Poor diction
- B. Ambiguous word choice
- C. Tense disagreement
- D. Inappropriate transition word choice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, tense disagreement. The sentence contains a tense disagreement between 'was' and 'is.' 'She is a fierce competitor' and 'nothing is going to keep her' are in the present tense, while 'was going to keep her' should also be in the present tense to maintain consistency. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the issue in the sentence is related to verb tense, not diction, word choice, or transition words.
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Which of the following best describes the peer review process?
- A. It guarantees acceptance of all papers
- B. It requires time and attention to complete
- C. It is a straightforward task
- D. It enables instant publication of papers
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the peer review process demands time and attention for a thorough evaluation by experts. Choice A is incorrect because peer review does not guarantee acceptance of all papers; rather, it aims to assess the quality and validity of research. Choice C is incorrect as peer review is not always a simple or straightforward task due to the detailed scrutiny involved. Choice D is incorrect because peer review does not allow papers to be published instantly; instead, it involves a rigorous evaluation process before publication.
Which of the following sentences supports the thesis statement: 'Organic gardening can be as simple or complex as you choose to make it'?
- A. Organic gardening ranges from basic composting to a chemical analysis of the soil.
- B. Organic gardening is easy.
- C. Gardening is fun for everyone.
- D. Organic foods are better for health.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Choice A is the correct answer because it directly supports the thesis statement by illustrating the wide spectrum of complexity within organic gardening, from basic practices like composting to more advanced techniques like soil chemical analysis. This range of possibilities aligns with the idea that organic gardening can be as simple or as complex as one chooses to make it. Choices B, C, and D do not directly relate to the flexibility and complexity aspect of organic gardening as emphasized in the thesis statement. Choice B oversimplifies the process, choice C focuses on the enjoyment of gardening in general rather than the complexity of organic gardening, and choice D discusses the health benefits of organic foods, which is not directly related to the range of options within organic gardening.
Which of the following is important to do while writing the first draft of a research paper?
- A. Listen to soothing music to create a relaxed writing environment.
- B. Write the conclusion before writing the rest of the research paper.
- C. Write the introduction, the body, and the conclusion of the project.
- D. Check to ensure that all citations are accurate.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When writing the first draft of a research paper, it is crucial to include the complete structure, which consists of the introduction, body, and conclusion. This approach helps in organizing your thoughts and ideas cohesively, ensuring that your paper flows logically. Choice A is not directly related to the drafting process. Choice B suggests an incorrect sequence by proposing to write the conclusion first, which should actually be crafted after the body of the paper. Choice D is important but typically done during the editing and revision stages rather than in the initial draft.
Why is it not recommended to edit while writing your first draft?
- A. It is considered prewriting.
- B. It wastes effort.
- C. It clouds judgment.
- D. It changes the organization.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'It wastes effort.' Editing while writing the first draft can be counterproductive as it interrupts the flow of ideas and slows down the writing process. Instead of focusing on perfecting each sentence or paragraph, it is more beneficial to get all ideas down first during the initial drafting phase. Choice A is incorrect as editing is not part of the prewriting stage. Choice C is incorrect because editing may affect the quality of judgment but is not the primary reason to avoid it during the first draft. Choice D is incorrect because changes in organization can be made during the revision stage, not necessarily while writing the initial draft.
Which sentence contains a misplaced modifier?
- A. Running through the park, the dog chased me.
- B. I saw the dog running through the park.
- C. The dog chased me through the park.
- D. While running through the park, I saw the dog.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. In sentence A, the modifier 'Running through the park' is misplaced because it makes it seem like the dog was the one running through the park rather than the intended meaning that the speaker was running through the park. In choices B, C, and D, the modifiers are correctly placed, providing clear and concise descriptions without causing confusion about who or what is performing the action.