Nokea
Short stature due to growth hormone deficiency:
- A. Is characteristically manifest in infancy
- B. May be secondary to irradiation to the skull
- C. Can be part of congenital hypopituitarism
- D. Is easily corrected
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Growth hormone deficiency can result from cranial irradiation, which may damage the pituitary gland and impair hormone production.
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What are FIVE indications for pacemaker insertion in a child with congenital heart block?
- A. Symptomatic bradycardia
- B. Ventricular dysfunction or low cardiac output
- C. Wide QRS escape
- D. Complex ventricular ectopy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Symptomatic bradycardia is the most common indication for pacemaker insertion in children with congenital heart block, to ensure adequate heart rate and perfusion.
Consequences of a median nerve section in the ante-cubital fossa include:
- A. Complete paralysis of pronation
- B. Loss of sensation over palmar aspect of middle finger
- C. Wasting of hypothenar eminence
- D. Paralysis of abductor pollicis brevis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The median nerve controls the abductor pollicis brevis, and its injury at the ante-cubital fossa results in an inability to perform thumb abduction.
The causes of elevated maternal serum AFP are:
- A. Trisomy 21
- B. Exomphalos
- C. Marfan syndrome
- D. Meningomyelocele
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is associated with neural tube defects such as meningomyelocele, due to leakage of AFP into the amniotic fluid.
Of the following, the cardiac lesion resulting in increased volume load is
- A. valvular pulmonic stenosis
- B. patent ductus arteriosus
- C. valvular aortic stenosis
- D. mitral stenosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Patent ductus arteriosus leads to increased volume load on the left side of the heart.
What percentage (%) of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease has the echocardiographic diagnosis of tricuspid stenosis as a co-existing lesion?
- A. 10
- B. 20
- C. 30
- D. 40
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Approximately 10% of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease have tricuspid stenosis as a co-existing lesion.