Nokea
Space of Disse contain the following EXCEPT:
- A. Plasma
- B. Blood cells
- C. Lipocytes (ITO) cells
- D. Irregular microvilli projecting from hepatocytes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The space of Disse contains plasma, Ito cells, and hepatocyte microvilli, but blood cells remain in the sinusoids.
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The structure which prevents entry of food into wind pipe during swallowing in mammals is-
- A. Larynx
- B. Glottis
- C. Epiglottis
- D. Pharynx
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The epiglottis closes over the glottis during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea.
Peptide hormones are made of protein and are water soluble. They can therefore:
- A. Pass straight through the lipid bilayer and react with other molecules inside the cell
- B. React to a specific binding site on the outside of the membrane and create a secondary response
- C. Pass through a protein channel to the inside of the cell and then react with other molecules inside the cell
- D. Don't react with anything on the membrane or in the cell but cause their effect by other processes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Peptide hormones bind to membrane receptors, triggering secondary messengers inside the cell.
Match: Lacteal
- A. absorbs fat within the villi
- B. transports oxygen
- C. produces mucus
- D. secretes enzymes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries within the villi that absorb dietary fats.
In which order do these events occur in human nutrition?
- A. digestion→ ingestion→ absorption→ assimilation
- B. digestion→ ingestion→ assimilation→ absorption
- C. ingestion→ digestion→ absorption→ assimilation
- D. ingestion→ digestion→ assimilation→ absorption
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Food is first ingested, then digested, absorbed into the bloodstream, and finally assimilated into cells.
Which gastric secretion is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the small intestine?
- A. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- B. Pepsinogen
- C. Intrinsic factor
- D. Mucus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Intrinsic factor, secreted by parietal cells in the stomach, binds to vitamin B12, enabling its absorption in the ileum of the small intestine.