Nokea
Students are assigned to write to their state leaders about an issue affecting their community. One student writes about the need among rural community for greater access to acute care services. Which of the following pieces of legislation should the student use as a reference?
- A. Social Security Act
- B. Hill-Burton Act
- C. Sheppard-Towner Act
- D. U.S. Civil Service Act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hill-Burton Act. This legislation established a program to provide federal grants for the construction of hospitals and healthcare facilities in underserved areas. It specifically addressed the need to improve access to healthcare services, aligning with the student's concern about acute care services in rural communities. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Social Security Act primarily focuses on social insurance programs; C: Sheppard-Towner Act focused on maternal and child healthcare; D: U.S. Civil Service Act pertains to regulations for federal employees, none of which directly address the issue of access to acute care services in rural communities.
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The use of research to guide nursing practice is called:
- A. utilization.
- B. dissemination.
- C. generalizability.
- D. analysis.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: utilization. Research utilization refers to the application of research findings in nursing practice to improve patient outcomes. Utilization involves integrating research evidence into clinical decision-making. Dissemination (B) refers to sharing research findings. Generalizability (C) pertains to the extent to which research findings can be applied to different populations or settings. Analysis (D) involves examining data to draw conclusions, but it does not specifically relate to using research in practice like utilization does.
The Nurses of America's media campaign raised awareness of which aspects of nursing? (select all that apply)
- A. Nurses are expert clinicians.
- B. A higher nurse/patient ratio is needed.
- C. Nurses are invisible in the news media.
- D. Nurses are caring.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the Nurses of America's media campaign aimed to highlight nurses as expert clinicians, emphasizing their skills, knowledge, and expertise in patient care. This choice aligns with the campaign's goal and message.
Choice B is incorrect because the campaign did not specifically advocate for a higher nurse/patient ratio. Choice C is incorrect as the campaign sought to make nurses more visible in the news media. Choice D is incorrect because while nurses are caring, the focus of the campaign was on their clinical expertise.
A cultural phenomenon that is based on biologic variation would include:
- A. belief that exposure of a pregnant woman to an eclipse can result in cleft lip.
- B. denser bones in blacks result in less morbidity associated with osteoporosis.
- C. the grandmother who determines that her grandchild has scoliosis and should seek treatment, then informs the parents of her decision.
- D. a family that participates in feasts prepared to celebrate and make decisions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it describes a cultural belief that attributes a physical trait (cleft lip) to a specific biological event (exposure to an eclipse during pregnancy). This choice demonstrates a cultural phenomenon based on biologic variation.
Choice B is incorrect because it attributes denser bones in blacks to less morbidity from osteoporosis, which is a generalization and not necessarily a cultural phenomenon. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a family dynamic related to healthcare decision-making and not a cultural belief based on biologic variation. Choice D is incorrect as it describes a family tradition related to feasting and decision-making, which does not directly involve biologic variation.
A nurse is interested in practicing in a faith-based community; when researching the role of the parish nurse, the nurse finds that:
- A. certification is available at a basic level after a qualifying examination is completed and a set number of practice hours have been worked, as defined by the state's nurse practice act.
- B. this advanced practice role focuses on health promotion and disease prevention.
- C. this role has no set standards or scope of practice but instead follows the doctrine of the denomination being served.
- D. this role is recognized by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as a specialty with a defined set of practice guidelines.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the role of a parish nurse primarily focuses on health promotion and disease prevention within a faith-based community. Parish nurses typically work to integrate spiritual care with traditional healthcare services. This choice aligns with the core responsibilities of a parish nurse and accurately reflects the primary focus of their practice.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect. While certification may be available for parish nurses, the process and requirements are not solely defined by state regulations; it usually involves additional training in faith-based healthcare practices.
C: Incorrect. The role of a parish nurse is typically guided by professional standards and organizational protocols rather than being solely dictated by the doctrines of a specific denomination.
D: Incorrect. While the ANA may acknowledge the role of parish nursing, it does not have specific practice guidelines for this specialty.
Care delivery using the team-based approach is used on a telemetry nursing unit. The team consists of one registered nurse (RN), two licensed practical nurses (LPNs), and one unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). Staff have been charged to improve quality of care while ensuring cost containment. Which assignments would meet both criteria?
- A. The RN administers all medications to all patients.
- B. The LPN performs sterile dressings and IV tubing changes on all central lines.
- C. The experienced UAP places telemetry electrodes and attaches to cardiac monitor.
- D. The RN administers an enema to a stable patient who has an order "administer fleet enema PRN when no bowel movement in 2 days."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it aligns with improving quality of care and cost containment. LPNs are trained to perform sterile procedures like dressing changes and IV tubing changes, which can enhance patient outcomes. This assignment allows the RN to focus on tasks that require their specialized skills, promoting quality care. Furthermore, utilizing LPNs for these tasks is more cost-effective than having an RN perform them.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: Having the RN administer all medications to all patients is not utilizing the team effectively. LPNs and UAPs can handle medication administration under appropriate supervision.
C: While experienced UAPs can assist with attaching telemetry electrodes, this task does not fully utilize the skills of the LPNs and RN to improve care quality.
D: Administering an enema is within the scope of an LPN's practice, and assigning this task to the RN is not the most efficient use of resources.