Nokea
The ability of an organism to sense and react to changes in its body illustrates
- A. circulation.
- B. respiration.
- C. responsiveness.
- D. absorption
Correct Answer: C.
Rationale: The correct answer is 'responsiveness.' Responsiveness refers to the ability of an organism to detect and respond to stimuli in its environment. In this context, it specifically relates to an organism's ability to sense and react to changes within its body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Circulation refers to the movement of fluids within an organism, respiration is the process of exchanging gases, and absorption is the uptake of substances by cells or tissues.
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What is the most useful application of ultrasonography for diagnostic examination?
- A. dense organs, such as bones.
- B. air-filled organs, such as lungs.
- C. soft internal structures, such as fetuses.
- D. microscopic structures.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ultrasonography is a medical imaging technique that uses sound waves to visualize internal body structures. It is particularly effective for examining soft tissues like organs, blood vessels, and fetuses. Choice A is incorrect because bones are better visualized using techniques like X-rays. Choice B is incorrect as air-filled organs like lungs are not well visualized with ultrasound due to air being a poor conductor of sound waves. Choice D is incorrect since ultrasonography cannot visualize structures at a microscopic level, as it is used for larger internal structures.
Which of the following organs is in the abdominopelvic cavity?
- A. The heart
- B. The trachea
- C. The thymus
- D. The liver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is the liver. The liver is located in the abdominopelvic cavity, which is the space between the diaphragm and the pelvic floor. The heart, trachea, and thymus are not located in the abdominopelvic cavity. The heart is situated in the thoracic cavity, the trachea is in the neck region, and the thymus is located in the upper chest. Understanding the anatomical locations of organs is crucial for medical professionals to accurately diagnose and treat patients.
The removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions is
- A. metabolism.
- B. absorption.
- C. assimilation.
- D. excretion.
Correct Answer: D.
Rationale: The correct answer is 'excretion.' Excretion is the process of eliminating waste products produced by metabolic reactions from the body. Metabolism (Choice A) refers to the chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life. Absorption (Choice B) is the process of taking in nutrients and fluids into the body. Assimilation (Choice C) is the process of absorbing and incorporating nutrients into the body after digestion. Therefore, excretion is the most appropriate term for the removal of metabolic wastes.
Cells do not aggregate into organelles based on similar functions.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement is false. Cells with similar functions do not aggregate into organelles. Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform specific functions, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Cells themselves are the basic structural and functional units of organisms, and organelles are located within cells to carry out various tasks. Therefore, cells do not aggregate into organelles, but organelles are found within cells to support their functions. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as cells do not form organelles by aggregating based on similar functions.
One characteristic that centenarians share is
- A. a high level of exercise throughout life
- B. long-lived relatives
- C. following the Mediterranean diet
- D. never having smoked
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'never having smoked.' Research suggests that one of the common characteristics among centenarians is that they have never smoked. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for various diseases and can significantly reduce lifespan. Choice A, 'a high level of exercise throughout life,' is not a universal characteristic among centenarians, although exercise can contribute to a healthy lifestyle. Choice B, 'long-lived relatives,' while genetics can play a role in longevity, not all centenarians have long-lived relatives. Choice C, 'following the Mediterranean diet,' is a healthy dietary choice but not a defining characteristic shared by all centenarians.