Nokea
The ability to respond to a stimulus is termed:
- A. polarized
- B. irritability
- C. depolarized
- D. conductivity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Irritability is the ability of a neuron or cell to respond to a stimulus. Polarization and depolarization refer to the electrical state of the membrane, conductivity refers to the ability to transmit signals, and all-or-none response refers to the nature of action potentials. Therefore, B is the correct answer.
You may also like to solve these questions
Application of RICE (rest, ice, compression, and elevation) is indicated for initial management of which type of injury?
- A. Muscle spasms
- B. Sprains and strains
- C. Repetitive strain injury
- D. Dislocations and subluxations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: RICE is effective for managing acute soft tissue injuries like sprains and strains.
The action potential is measured in millivolts (mV) and is ranged from:
- A. -90mV to +20mV
- B. -70mV to +30mV
- C. -65mV to +40mV
- D. -30mV to +60mV
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The action potential involves a rapid change in membrane potential, typically ranging from -65mV (resting potential) to +40mV (peak depolarization). This change is driven by the influx of sodium ions and the subsequent efflux of potassium ions. The action potential is a key mechanism for transmitting information within the nervous system, enabling neurons to communicate over long distances.
Hyperventilation causes:
- A. an alkaline urine
- B. a fall in the plasma bicarbonate concentration
- C. increased cardiac output
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hyperventilation causes respiratory alkalosis, leading to alkaline urine, reduced plasma bicarbonate, and increased cardiac output due to decreased CO2 levels.
Cell bodies for the motor supply of the trigeminal nerve lie
- A. Hypothalamus
- B. Midbrain
- C. Posterior to cerebral aqueduct
- D. Cerebral cortex
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve is located in the midbrain. It supplies muscles of mastication, such as the masseter and temporalis.
The nurse notes that a patient is not able to voluntarily move the right arm. Which part of the brain should the nurse suspect is affected in this patient?
- A. Cerebellum
- B. Frontal lobe
- C. Parietal lobe
- D. Hypothalamus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The frontal lobes contain the motor areas that generate the impulses that bring about voluntary movement. Each motor area controls movement on the opposite side of the body. The cerebellum is responsible for coordination and balance, while the parietal lobe processes sensory information. The hypothalamus regulates autonomic functions and is not directly involved in voluntary movement.