Nokea
The athlete comes to the clinic with bursitis. What does the nurse know happens to the tissue to cause pain when bursitis occurs?
- A. Tearing of a ligament
- B. Stretching of muscle and fascia sheath
- C. Inflammation of synovial membrane sac at friction sites
- D. Incomplete separation of articular surfaces of joint caused by ligament injury
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bursitis involves inflammation of the bursae, which are small fluid-filled sacs that cushion joints.
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A 65-year-old patient has undergone a right total hip arthroplasty with a cemented prosthesis for treatment of severe osteoarthritis of the hip. What is included in the activity the nurse anticipates for the patient on the patient's first or second postoperative day?
- A. Transfer from the bed to the chair twice a day only
- B. Turning from the back to the unaffected side q2hr only
- C. Crutch walking with non€“weight bearing on the operative leg
- D. Ambulation and weight bearing on the right leg with a walker
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Weight-bearing ambulation promotes recovery.
The following occur in response to a major surgery:
- A. increased potassium loss
- B. increased protein breakdown
- C. sodium and water retention
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Major surgery triggers a stress response, leading to potassium loss, protein catabolism, and sodium/water retention due to hormonal changes.
Nurse Parker is overseeing the care of a patient with Parkinson's disease who has been consistently taking carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet) for a year. She is attentively monitoring for any potential adverse reactions associated with this specific medication. Which adverse reaction should Nurse Parker be particularly vigilant about in monitoring this patient?
- A. The occurrence of dyskinesia.
- B. The emergence of respiratory depression.
- C. The onset of glaucoma.
- D. The development of a rash or other signs of an allergic reaction.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dyskinesia, or involuntary movements, is a common adverse reaction to long-term levodopa therapy in PD patients.
What should the nurse teach the patient recovering from an episode of acute low back pain?
- A. Perform daily exercise as a lifelong routine.
- B. Sit in a chair with the hips higher than the knees.
- C. Avoid occupations in which the use of the body is required.
- D. Sleep on the abdomen or on the back with the legs extended.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regular exercise strengthens the back muscles.
When utilizing the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse knows coma will be represented by a score of
- B. 2
- C. 6 (8 or less indicates coma)
- D. 10
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less indicates coma. The GCS assesses eye, verbal, and motor responses to determine the level of consciousness. Lower scores reflect more severe neurological impairment, with a score of 3 indicating deep coma or brain death.