Nokea
The causative organisms for endocarditis in pediatric patients are
- A. enterococci
- B. group B streptococci
- C. viridans-type streptococci
- D. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Viridans streptococci are the most common cause of endocarditis in pediatric patients.
You may also like to solve these questions
The following foramina are found in the brain:
- A. Foramen of Monro
- B. Foramen ovale
- C. Foramen of Magendie
- D. Foramen transversalis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Foramen of Monro: The foramen of Monro connects the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle and plays a key role in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
One of the following is a characteristic physical finding in patients with an ASD
- A. a right precordial bulge
- B. a fixed splitting of the second heart sound
- C. a systolic ejection heart murmur
- D. a short, mild left mid-diastolic murmur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fixed splitting of the second heart sound is a hallmark of an atrial septal defect.
A 5-year-old child who had a repair for transposition of the great arteries shortly after birth is growing normally and has been asymptomatic since the surgery. The primary care nurse practitioner notes mild shortness of breath with exertion and dizziness. What will the nurse practitioner do?
- A. Order an echocardiogram and chest radiograph.
- B. Perform pulmonary function testing.
- C. Reassure the parent that these symptoms are common.
- D. Refer the child to the cardiologist immediately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Children with a history of transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) who have a history of palpitations, syncope, or shortness of breath should be referred to a cardiologist.
An 18-months old infant weighing 10 kg develops an acute anaphylactic reaction with bronchospasm towards antibiotic injection. What is the most appropriate initial treatment?
- A. Inj. Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV stat
- B. Inj. Epinephrine 0.1 mg IV / IM stat
- C. Inj. Epinephrine 0.01 mg IV/IM stat
- D. Nebulization Salbutamol + oxygen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate initial treatment for anaphylaxis in a child is intramuscular epinephrine at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg, which is 0.1 mg for a 10 kg child.
Regarding intussusception in childhood:
- A. Incidence is most common in children over 3 years of age
- B. Barium enema is the investigation of choice
- C. Patient commonly presents with constant abdominal pain
- D. It is associated with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Intussusception is associated with Henoch-Schoenlein purpura, a condition that can cause inflammation and bleeding in the small blood vessels.