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The cerebellum, ________ portion of the brain, is located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum.
- A. the largest
- B. the second largest
- C. the third largest
- D. the smallest
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum is the second largest portion of the brain, located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. It plays a crucial role in coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. While the cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, the cerebellum is smaller but still significant in size and function. Therefore, the second largest is the correct answer.
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One of the most important functions of the autonomic nervous system is the following:
- A. regulation of homeostasis
- B. voluntary movements
- C. coordination of movements
- D. involuntary movements
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Regulation of homeostasis is the correct answer because the autonomic nervous system controls vital functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, and temperature regulation. These processes are essential for maintaining the body's internal balance and ensuring survival.
The nurse instructs a client who has a neurological deficit regarding nutrition and diet. What should the client do?
- A. Eat two large meals instead of frequent small meals.
- B. Consume a diet low in fiber.
- C. Chew foods quickly.
- D. Be sure to take fluids frequently.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Staying hydrated is crucial for clients with neurological deficits to prevent constipation and urinary tract infections.
The nurse writes the client problem of 'altered sexual functioning' for a male client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Which intervention should be implemented?
- A. Encourage the couple to explore alternative ways of maintaining intimacy.
- B. Make an appointment with a psychotherapist to counsel the couple.
- C. Explain daily exercise will help increase libido and sexual arousal.
- D. Discuss the importance of keeping physically calm during sexual intercourse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exploring alternative ways to maintain intimacy can help the client and their partner adapt to changes in sexual functioning caused by MS.
What measures can help control the client's body temperature related to brain infection?
- A. Administering prescribed antipyretics.
- B. Reducing body hydration.
- C. Applying ice packs.
- D. Keeping the room temperature warm.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antipyretics directly address fever, reducing cerebral irritation.
Laboratory findings that the nurse would expect to be present in the patient with RA include
- A. polycythemia.
- B. increased immunoglobulin G (IgG).
- C. decreased white blood cell (WBC) count.
- D. anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA).
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ACPA is specific to RA.