Nokea
The client asks the nurse about using decongestant nasal sprays. Which of the following statements by the nurse is CORRECT regarding its use?
- A. "Nasal sprays should be use sparingly because they can exacerbate a cough"
- B. "It would take several days of using nasal sprays before any effect on congestion is noted"
- C. "Nasal sprays should not be used formore than three days because it can worsen congestion"
- D. "They should be used along with corticosteroid nasal sprays for maximum benefit"
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement regarding the use of decongestant nasal sprays is that "Nasal sprays should not be used for more than three days because it can worsen congestion." Prolonged use of decongestant nasal sprays can lead to rebound congestion, where the congestion worsens with extended use. Therefore, it is important to limit the use of these sprays to avoid this side effect. It is recommended to use decongestant nasal sprays for no longer than three consecutive days.
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What is NOT important for Myra to do when listening to tape recordings?
- A. Do the listening as soon as possible after the interview.
- B. Note for the voice tone and voice inflection.
- C. Listen when she feels the motivation for a more productive time.
- D. Take notice of the pauses of the participants.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is not important for Myra to listen to the tape recordings only when she feels motivated or productive. In a nurse-patient interaction relationship, listening to tape recordings promptly (Choice A) is crucial because it ensures that any important information or cues are not missed or forgotten. Additionally, noting voice tone and inflection (Choice B) and observing pauses (Choice D) are essential for understanding the nuances and emotions conveyed during the interaction, which can be crucial in effective communication. Listening based on motivation may lead to delays and hamper the timely analysis and understanding of the interactions. Hence, it is important for Myra to prioritize active and focused listening to the tape recordings, regardless of her current motivation levels.
A patient presents with sudden-onset, painless vision loss in the right eye. Fundoscopic examination reveals a cherry-red spot at the macula and attenuated retinal vessels. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
- A. Central retinal artery occlusion
- B. Central retinal vein occlusion
- C. Retinal detachment
- D. Acute angle-closure glaucoma
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's presentation of sudden-onset, painless vision loss in the right eye, along with a cherry-red spot at the macula and attenuated retinal vessels, is classic for central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). In CRAO, there is a sudden blockage of the central retinal artery, leading to ischemia of the retina. The cherry-red spot represents the preserved choroid blood flow against the ischemic retina. The attenuated retinal vessels are a result of decreased blood flow in the retinal circulation. This condition is considered an ophthalmic emergency and requires immediate evaluation and management to prevent permanent vision loss.
Since nadine is Four years old, Nurse Alma needs to determine the routines and rituals concerning, which of the following, EXCEPT ______.
- A. Feeding
- B. Sleep pattern
- C. Toilet training
- D. Favorite toys
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Since Nadine is just four years old, determining her favorite toys is not a critical aspect for Nurse Alma to consider in terms of routines and rituals. While knowing Nadine's favorite toys may help provide comfort or distraction, it is not as essential as ensuring proper feeding, sleep patterns, and toilet training for a young child's well-being and development. The focus should primarily be on aspects that directly impact her physical health, growth, and daily routines at this age.
A client with congestive heart failure has been receiving digoxin (lanoxin). Which finding indicates that the medication is having a desired effect?
- A. Increased weight
- B. Increased urinary output
- C. Improved appetite
- D. Increased pedal edema
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin is a medication commonly used in the treatment of congestive heart failure because it helps to improve cardiac output and reduce heart failure symptoms. One of the desired effects of digoxin is an increase in urinary output. This is because digoxin helps to improve cardiac function, which can lead to better circulation and increased kidney perfusion. As a result, the kidneys are better able to filter and excrete excess fluid, leading to increased urine output. Therefore, an increase in urinary output indicates that the digoxin is having a positive effect in managing the client's congestive heart failure. The other options, such as increased weight, improved appetite, and increased pedal edema, are not indicative of a desired effect of digoxin therapy.
A patient is prescribed a benzodiazepine for the management of anxiety. Which instruction should the nurse include in patient education about benzodiazepine therapy?
- A. "Take the medication with grapefruit juice for enhanced absorption."
- B. "Avoid consuming alcohol while on benzodiazepine therapy."
- C. "Take the medication on an empty stomach for better effectiveness."
- D. "Discontinue the medication abruptly if you experience side effects."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Consuming alcohol while on benzodiazepine therapy can increase the central nervous system depressant effects of benzodiazepines, leading to excessive sedation, respiratory depression, and even overdose. It is important for patients to avoid alcohol to prevent these potential dangerous interactions and to ensure the safe and effective use of their medication.