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What post operative teaching will the patient strictly follow?
- A. Reinforce that fact that airplane travel is no longer permitted.
- B. Show patient how to gently irrigate the external auditory canal.
- C. Inform physician any dizziness that develops after she is discharged.
- D. Stress that hair washing should be avoided immediately after surgery
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient who had a left total hip replacement surgery due to osteoarthritis needs to strictly follow the postoperative teaching of being shown how to gently irrigate the external auditory canal because this instruction is unrelated to a hip replacement surgery. The other options are not relevant to the surgery and patient's condition. Option A about airplane travel, Option C about dizziness, and Option D about hair washing are not appropriate instructions for a patient who had a hip replacement. It is important for healthcare providers to give accurate and relevant postoperative instructions to help the patient recover successfully.
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The __________ is link between the nervous system and the endocrine system
- A. Spinal cord
- B. Pituitary gland
- C. Hypothalamus
- D. Thyroid gland
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The hypothalamus is the link between the nervous system and the endocrine system. It plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis in the body by communicating with the pituitary gland, which is often referred to as the "master gland" of the endocrine system. The hypothalamus produces hormones that regulate the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, which then controls the functions of other endocrine glands throughout the body. This connection allows the nervous system to influence and coordinate various hormonal responses in the body, helping to regulate processes such as metabolism, growth, stress responses, and reproduction.
A nurse is preparing to assist with a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) procedure for a patient. What action should the nurse prioritize to ensure patient safety during TEE?
- A. Placing the patient in a supine position with arms at their sides
- B. Administering intravenous sedation to the patient before the procedure
- C. Instructing the patient to refrain from eating or drinking for six hours before the procedure
- D. Ensuring the availability of emergency equipment and resuscitation medications
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Ensuring the availability of emergency equipment and resuscitation medications is crucial to prioritize patient safety during a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) procedure. TEE involves inserting a specialized probe (transducer) into the esophagus to obtain detailed images of the heart. While complications during TEE are rare, they can include adverse reactions to sedation, esophageal injury, arrhythmias, or other cardiac events. By having emergency equipment and resuscitation medications readily available, the healthcare team can respond promptly to any unforeseen complications or emergencies that may arise during the procedure, ensuring optimal patient safety. Placing the patient in a supine position, providing sedation, and advising the patient to fast before the procedure are important aspects of the TEE process; however, ensuring emergency preparedness takes precedence in prioritizing patient safety during the procedure.
What is the primary purpose of splinting a fractured extremity in the pre-hospital setting?
- A. Immobilization to prevent further injury.
- B. Pain relief during transport.
- C. Reduction of swelling.
- D. Stabilization of the fracture site.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The primary purpose of splinting a fractured extremity in the pre-hospital setting is to immobilize the injured area in order to prevent further injury. By stabilizing the fracture, splinting helps to reduce movement, which can alleviate pain, prevent additional damage to surrounding tissues, and minimize the risk of causing more harm during transport or while providing care. Splinting also helps to maintain proper alignment of the bones, which is crucial for the healing process and long-term function of the injured limb.
A patient with suspected tuberculosis (TB) presents with cough, weight loss, night sweats, and hemoptysis. Chest X-ray reveals upper lobe infiltrates and cavitation. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate for confirming the diagnosis of pulmonary TB?
- A. Sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture
- B. Tuberculin skin test (TST)
- C. Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA)
- D. Chest CT-guided biopsy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a patient with suspected pulmonary TB, the most appropriate diagnostic test for confirming the diagnosis is the sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear and culture. This test involves examining sputum samples under the microscope for the presence of acid-fast bacilli, which are characteristic of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes TB. Additionally, culturing the sputum allows for the bacteria to grow in a controlled environment, further confirming the diagnosis. In the given scenario, the patient's symptoms (cough, weight loss, night sweats, hemoptysis), along with chest X-ray findings of upper lobe infiltrates and cavitation, are highly suggestive of pulmonary TB. Therefore, performing a sputum AFB smear and culture is crucial for definitive diagnosis and initiation of appropriate treatment. The other options (Tuberculin skin test, Interferon
A postpartum client presents with sudden chest pain, dyspnea, and tachycardia. Which nursing action should be prioritized?
- A. Elevating the head of the bed
- B. Providing supplemental oxygen therapy
- C. Administering analgesics for pain relief
- D. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sudden chest pain, dyspnea, and tachycardia in a postpartum client can be indicative of serious conditions such as pulmonary embolism or myocardial infarction. These conditions are emergencies that require immediate medical attention. Notifying the healthcare provider immediately is the priority to ensure prompt evaluation and intervention to address the potential life-threatening situation. While other nursing interventions such as elevating the head of the bed, providing supplemental oxygen therapy, and administering analgesics may be necessary, they should be done after notifying the healthcare provider to ensure appropriate management of the underlying cause.