Nokea
The client asks the nurse why they need to take a diuretic for hypertension. What is the best response?
- A. It helps your heart pump more efficiently.
- B. It reduces the amount of fluid in your blood vessels.
- C. It prevents blood clots from forming.
- D. It relaxes the blood vessel walls.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics reduce blood volume by increasing urine output, lowering pressure in blood vessels.
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The client with a mechanical heart valve reports a fever. What should the nurse do first?
- A. Administer acetaminophen.
- B. Notify the healthcare provider.
- C. Check the client's temperature again in 4 hours.
- D. Encourage fluid intake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fever may indicate endocarditis in a client with a mechanical valve, requiring immediate medical evaluation.
Which teaching point should the nurse include for a client with peripheral artery disease? Select all that apply.
- A. Inspect feet daily for sores or injuries.
- B. Wear tight shoes to support the feet.
- C. Stop smoking to improve blood flow.
- D. Exercise until pain occurs, then rest.
- E. Apply lotion to dry skin on legs.
- F. Avoid crossing legs when sitting.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E,F
Rationale: Inspecting feet, stopping smoking, exercising with rest, applying lotion, and avoiding leg crossing promote circulation and prevent complications in peripheral artery disease.
The nurse is preparing a client for a cardiac catheterization. Which pre-procedure instruction is most important?
- A. You will be sedated during the procedure.
- B. You must fast for 6-8 hours before the test.
- C. You can drive home after the procedure.
- D. You should avoid taking aspirin before the test.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fasting prevents aspiration during sedation and ensures accurate test results.
The nurse is planning care for a client diagnosed with arterial occlusive disease. Which exercise instructions would the nurse teach the client?
- A. Have the client perform isometric exercises 30 minutes each day.
- B. Tell the client to start exercising on a stair stepper for 15 minutes.
- C. Inform the client that warm-up exercises are not necessary.
- D. Teach the client to walk in well-fitting shoes on level ground.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Walking on level ground in well-fitting shoes (D) promotes circulation in PAD. Isometric exercises (A) increase BP, stair steppers (B) are too strenuous, and warm-ups (C) are necessary.
The client diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is prescribed a heparin drip. The solution is 40,000 units in 500 mL of D5W. The health-care provider ordered the client to receive 1,200 units per hour. At which rate should the nurse set the IV pump?
Correct Answer: 15
Rationale: Heparin concentration: 40,000 units/500 mL = 80 units/mL. Dose: 1,200 units/hr ÷ 80 units/mL = 15 mL/hr. Set pump to 15 mL/hr.