Nokea
The client diagnosed with a mild concussion is being discharged from the emergency department. Which discharge instruction should the nurse teach the client's significant other?
- A. Awaken the client every two (2) hours.
- B. Monitor for increased intracranial pressure.
- C. Observe frequently for hypervigilance.
- D. Offer the client food every three (3) to four (4) hours.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Awaken the client every two (2) hours. This instruction is important to monitor for any changes in the client's condition, such as worsening symptoms or neurological deficits. By waking the client every two hours, it allows for assessment of responsiveness and orientation. This is crucial in detecting any signs of deterioration or complications post-concussion.
Choice B is incorrect because monitoring for increased intracranial pressure requires specialized equipment and expertise beyond what can be done at home. Choice C is incorrect as hypervigilance is not typically a common concern after a mild concussion. Choice D is incorrect because offering food every three to four hours is not specific to the client's needs post-concussion.
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Failure of muscle coordination, including unsteady movements and staggering walk due to disorders in the cerebellum is called:
- A. Anoxia
- B. Dyslexia
- C. Paraplegia
- D. Ataxia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is D: Ataxia. Ataxia refers to the failure of muscle coordination, resulting in unsteady movements and a staggering walk. The cerebellum controls balance and coordination, so disorders in this area can lead to ataxia.
A: Anoxia refers to a lack of oxygen supply to tissues, not related to muscle coordination.
B: Dyslexia is a learning disorder involving difficulty with reading, unrelated to muscle coordination.
C: Paraplegia is paralysis of the lower half of the body, not specifically related to muscle coordination issues seen in ataxia.
During secondary prevention activities, what action is a healthcare professional performing?
- A. Conducting health screenings
- B. Providing early treatment for disease
- C. Administering medications
- D. Referral to specialized care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Providing early treatment for disease. Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of a disease to prevent its progression. By providing early treatment, healthcare professionals aim to minimize the impact of the disease and prevent complications. Conducting health screenings (A) is part of primary prevention to identify risk factors before a disease develops. Administering medications (C) is a treatment intervention but not specific to secondary prevention. Referral to specialized care (D) may be needed but does not directly involve providing early treatment for the disease as in secondary prevention.
When assessing a community to determine its health needs, which data would be most useful?
- A. Demographic data
- B. Health behavior data
- C. Environmental data
- D. Morbidity and mortality data
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Morbidity and mortality data. This data provides direct information on the health status of the community by indicating the prevalence of diseases and deaths. It helps identify major health issues, prioritize interventions, and allocate resources effectively. Demographic data (A) provides information on population characteristics but does not directly reflect health needs. Health behavior data (B) offers insights into lifestyle choices but may not capture underlying health conditions. Environmental data (C) focuses on external factors impacting health, which are important but not as direct in indicating community health needs as morbidity and mortality data.
Why is cultural competence important in community health nursing?
- A. It helps nurses provide care that is respectful and responsive to the health beliefs and practices of diverse patients.
- B. It mandates all health care providers to undergo cultural training.
- C. It ensures that nurses are knowledgeable about different medical practices.
- D. It prevents nurses from encountering cultural misunderstandings.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because cultural competence in community health nursing enables nurses to provide care that respects and responds to the health beliefs and practices of diverse patients. This is important for building trust, improving communication, and enhancing patient outcomes. Choice B is incorrect because cultural training is not mandatory for all healthcare providers. Choice C is incorrect because cultural competence goes beyond medical practices to encompass understanding and respecting patients' cultural backgrounds. Choice D is incorrect because cultural competence does not prevent misunderstandings, but rather helps nurses navigate and address them effectively.
Which is a key component of the chronic care model?
- A. Implementing community health education programs
- B. Improving access to care for all individuals
- C. Increasing funding for health care services
- D. Coordinating care across different health care settings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because implementing community health education programs is a key component of the chronic care model as it focuses on empowering individuals to manage their own health effectively. This approach enhances patient engagement, self-management skills, and health literacy, leading to better health outcomes and reduced healthcare costs.
Choice B is incorrect as improving access to care, although important, is not a specific component of the chronic care model. Choice C is incorrect because increasing funding does not directly relate to the core principles of the chronic care model. Choice D is incorrect as coordinating care across different settings is important but not the central focus of the chronic care model, which emphasizes patient-centered care and self-management.