Nokea
The client diagnosed with congestive heart failure is complaining of leg cramps at night. Which nursing interventions should be implemented?
- A. Check the client for peripheral edema and make sure the client takes a diuretic early in the day.
- B. Monitor the client's potassium level and assess the client's intake of bananas and orange juice.
- C. Determine if the client has gained weight and instruct the client to keep the legs elevated.
- D. Instruct the client to ambulate frequently and perform calf-muscle stretching exercises daily.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leg cramps in CHF may indicate hypokalemia from diuretics. Monitoring potassium and assessing potassium-rich food intake (B) is appropriate. Edema/diuretic timing (A), weight/elevation (C), and ambulation/stretching (D) are less directly related.
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The nurse on the telemetry unit has just received the a.m. shift report. Which client should the nurse assess first?
- A. The client diagnosed with myocardial infarction who has an audible S3 heart sound.
- B. The client diagnosed with congestive heart failure who has 4+ sacral pitting edema.
- C. The client diagnosed with pneumonia who has a pulse oximeter reading of 94%.
- D. The client with chronic renal failure who has an elevated creatinine level.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An S3 heart sound post-MI (A) indicates heart failure or fluid overload, requiring immediate assessment. Edema (B) is chronic, 94% SpO2 (C) is stable, and elevated creatinine (D) is expected in CRF.
The client who has just had a percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty is in the recovery room. Which intervention should the Post Anesthesia Care Unit nurse implement?
- A. Assess the client's chest tube output.
- B. Monitor the client's chest dressing.
- C. Evaluate the client's endotracheal (ET) lip line.
- D. Keep the client's affected leg straight.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valvuloplasty is performed via femoral access, so keeping the leg straight (D) prevents bleeding. Chest tubes (A), dressings (B), and ET tubes (C) are not involved.
The client diagnosed with a myocardial infarction (MI) is being discharged. Which discharge instruction(s) should the nurse teach the client?
- A. Call the health care provider (HCP) if any chest pain happens.
- B. Discuss when the client can resume sexual activity.
- C. Explain the pharmacology of nitroglycerin tablets.
- D. Encourage the client to sleep with the head of the bed elevated.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Instructing to call HCP for chest pain (A), discussing sexual activity (B), and explaining nitroglycerin (C) ensure safety and recovery. HOB elevation (D) is for CHF, not MI.
The intensive care department nurse is assessing the client who is 12 hours post-myocardial infarction. The nurse assesses an S3 heart sound. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Notify the health-care provider immediately.
- B. Elevate the head of the client's bed.
- C. Document this as a normal and expected finding.
- D. Administer morphine intravenously.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An S3 heart sound post-MI (A) indicates heart failure, requiring HCP notification. Elevating HOB (B) is supportive, documenting as normal (C) is incorrect, and morphine (D) is for pain.
Which intervention should the nurse implement when administering a loop diuretic to a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease?
- A. Assess the client's radial pulse.
- B. Assess the client's serum potassium level.
- C. Assess the client's glucometer reading.
- D. Assess the client's pulse oximeter reading.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause hypokalemia, which can precipitate dysrhythmias in CAD. Assessing potassium (B) is critical. Pulse (A), glucose (C), and SpO2 (D) are less directly related.