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The client has had a total abdominal hysterectomy for cancer of the ovary. Which diet should the nurse discuss when providing discharge instructions?
- A. A low-residue diet without seeds.
- B. A low-sodium, low-fat diet with skim milk.
- C. A regular diet with fruits and vegetables.
- D. A full liquid-only diet with milkshake supplements.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A regular diet with fruits and vegetables supports recovery unless complications (e.g., ileus) are present. Low-residue or liquid diets are unnecessary, and low-sodium/low-fat is not specific.
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The nurse writes a client problem of urinary retention for a client diagnosed with Stage IV cancer of the prostate. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
- A. Catheterize the client to determine the amount of residual.
- B. Encourage the client to assume a normal position for urinating.
- C. Teach the client to use the Valsalva maneuver to empty the bladder.
- D. Determine the client’s normal voiding pattern.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Catheterization assesses residual urine, confirming retention and guiding treatment in advanced prostate cancer. Positioning, Valsalva, and voiding patterns are secondary.
The client has an infected Bartholin’s cyst and the HCP has performed an incision and drainage (I&D) of the area. Which discharge instructions should the nurse teach the client?
- A. Complete all antibiotics as ordered.
- B. Report any drainage immediately.
- C. Keep all water away from the area.
- D. Lie prone as much as possible.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Completing antibiotics prevents recurrence of infection post-I&D. Drainage is expected, water avoidance is impractical, and prone positioning is unnecessary.
Besides a mild analgesic such as ibuprofen (Motrin), which therapeutic interventions are most appropriate for the nurse to recommend? Select all that apply.
- A. Obtain a prescription for an oral contraceptive.
- B. Switch from menstrual pads to tampons.
- C. Use local applications of heat.
- D. Reduce physical activity.
- E. Massage the lower abdomen when experiencing pain.
- F. Lie prone while sleeping or napping.
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: Heat application relaxes uterine muscles, reducing cramps, and massaging the lower abdomen can alleviate pain. Oral contraceptives require a prescription, tampons don't relieve cramps, reducing activity is unnecessary, and lying prone may not help.
The HCP has prescribed two (2) IV antibiotics for the female client diagnosed with diabetes and pneumonia. Which order should the nurse request from the HCP?
- A. Request written information on antibiotic-caused vaginal infections.
- B. Request yogurt to be served on the client’s meal trays.
- C. Request a change of one of the antibiotics to an oral route.
- D. Request L. acidophilus, a probiotic medication, three (3) times a day.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Probiotics like L. acidophilus prevent antibiotic-associated vaginal yeast infections. Written information is less proactive, yogurt is insufficient, and changing routes is unnecessary.
Which should the nurse teach the client regarding Breast Health Awareness (BHA) according to the American Cancer Society (ACS). Select all that apply.
- A. Women at high risk should talk to the HCP about when to have a mammogram.
- B. Beginning at age 45, to have a yearly mammogram.
- C. To perform a breast self-examination (BSE) bimonthly.
- D. To get a sonogram of the breasts semiannually.
- E. To have Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the breasts every five (5) years.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: ACS recommends high-risk women discuss mammogram timing with HCP and yearly mammograms from age 45. Bimonthly BSE, semiannual sonograms, and MRI every 5 years are not standard.