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The client, hospitalized with an exacerbation of SLE, is to receive methylprednisolone 20 mg IV q8h. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate being included in the client's plan of care?
- A. Take orthostatic BPs at least twice daily.
- B. Administer a stool softener twice daily.
- C. Premedicate with diphenhydramine.
- D. Check blood glucose before meals and at bedtime.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Clients receiving systemic corticosteroids are at risk for hypertension, not orthostatic hypotension. B: Constipation is not an adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy. C: Antihistamine medications are not used before administration of corticosteroids. D: Methylprednisolone (Medrol, Solu-Medrol) is a corticosteroid. Therapy with corticosteroids causes hyperglycemia. The blood glucose level should be monitored.
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The nurse is reviewing the medications for all assigned clients on an inpatient psychiatric unit. The nurse anticipates assessing for extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in clients taking which antipsychotic medication?
- A. Clozapine
- B. Risperidone
- C. Haloperidol
- D. Ziprasidone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Haloperidol (Haldol), a conventional antipsychotic, has a high probability of causing EPS.
Which of these is not a symptom of Serotonin Syndrome?
- A. edema
- B. fever
- C. confusion
- D. tremors
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serotonin syndrome, caused by an excess of serotonin, causes altered mental status (confusion), neuromuscular abnormalities (tremors), and/or autonomic dysfunction (fever). Edema is not a typical symptom.
The HCP prescribes a second antihypertensive medication for the client who has poorly controlled BP on one medication. If prescribed, which medication combination should the nurse question?
- A. Atenolol and metoprolol
- B. Metolazone and valsartan
- C. Captopril and furosemide
- D. Bumetanide and diltiazem
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: The nurse should question this medication combination. When two medications are used to treat hypertension, each should be from different drug classifications. Atenolol (Tenormin) and metoprolol (Lopressor) are both beta-adrenergic blockers and have the same general mechanism of action. B: Metolazone (Zaroxolyn) is a thiazide-like diuretic, and valsartan (Diovan) is an ARB. C: Captopril (Capoten) is an ACE inhibitor, and furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic. D: Bumetanide (Bumex) is a loop diuretic, and diltiazem (Cardizem) is a calcium channel blocker.
The client is experiencing delirium from substance withdrawal. Which medication, if prescribed prn, should the nurse administer to help calm the client?
- A. Flumazenil_1.PNG
- B. Flumazenil_2.PNG
- C. Flumazenil_3.PNG
- D. Flumazenil_4.PNG
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lorazepam (Ativan) depresses the CNS, reducing anxiety and calming the client during withdrawal.
A client who is newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and beginning medication therapy asks the nurse, 'How soon will I see improvement?' The nurse's best response is:
- A. That varies from client to client
- B. You should discuss that with your physician
- C. You should notice a difference in a few days
- D. It might take several weeks before you notice improvement
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parkinson's medications often take several weeks to show improvement, as they gradually adjust neurotransmitter levels to manage symptoms.