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The client is admitted to the burn unit and prescribed pantoprazole (Protonix), a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Which statement best supports the scientific rationale for administering this medication to a client with a severe burn?
- A. This medication will help prevent a stress ulcer.
- B. This medication will help prevent systemic infections.
- C. This medication will provide continuous vasoconstriction.
- D. This medication will stimulate new skin growth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe burns increase stress ulcer risk due to gastric acid hypersecretion; PPIs like pantoprazole prevent this. Infection, vasoconstriction, or skin growth are unrelated.
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The client diagnosed with migraine headaches is prescribed propranolol (Inderal), a beta blocker, for prophylaxis. Which information should the nurse teach the client?
- A. Instruct to take the medication at the first sign of headache.
- B. Teach the client to take his or her radial pulse for one (1) minute.
- C. Explain this drug may make the client thirsty and have a dry mouth.
- D. Discuss the need to increase artificial light in the home.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Propranolol can cause bradycardia; teaching pulse monitoring ensures safety. It’s prophylactic, not acute, and dry mouth or lighting are unrelated.
The client with coronary artery disease is prescribed one (1) baby aspirin a day. Which instructions should the nurse provide the client concerning this medication?
- A. Take the medication on an empty stomach.
- B. Do not take Tylenol while taking this drug.
- C. If experiencing joint pain, notify the HCP.
- D. Notify the HCP if stools become dark and tarry.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Dark, tarry stools suggest GI bleeding, a serious aspirin side effect, requiring HCP notification. Empty stomach, Tylenol, or joint pain are less critical.
The nurse is instructing a client with moderate persistent asthma on the proper method for using MDIs (multi-dose inhalers). Which medication should be administered first?
- A. Steroid
- B. Anticholinergic
- C. Mast cell stabilizer
- D. Beta agonist
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Beta agonist. The beta-agonist drugs help to relieve bronchospasm by relaxing the smooth muscle of the airway. These drugs should be taken first so that other medications can reach the lungs.
The client is receiving atropine, an anticholinergic, to minimize the side effects of routine medications. Which intervention will help the client tolerate this medication?
- A. Teach the client about orthostatic hypotension.
- B. Instruct the client to eat a low-residue diet.
- C. Encourage the client to chew sugarless gum.
- D. Discuss the importance of daily isometric exercises.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Atropine causes dry mouth; sugarless gum stimulates saliva, improving tolerance. Hypotension, diet, or exercises are unrelated.
The nurse is teaching a parent how to administer oral iron supplements to a 2 year-old child. Which of the following interventions should be included in the teaching?
- A. Stop the medication if the stools become tarry green
- B. Give the medicine with orange juice and through a straw
- C. Add the medicine to a bottle of formula
- D. Administer the iron with your child's meals
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Give the medicine with orange juice and through a straw. Absorption of iron is facilitated in an environment rich in Vitamin C. Since liquid iron preparation will stain teeth, a straw is preferred.