Nokea
The client is admitted with a diagnosis of gestational diabetes. Which dietary recommendation is most appropriate?
- A. Low-carbohydrate,high-protein diet
- B. High-fat,low-calorie diet
- C. Low-protein,high-carbohydrate diet
- D. High-calorie,low-fat diet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A low-carbohydrate high-protein diet helps maintain stable blood glucose levels in gestational diabetes reducing the risk of hyperglycemia. High-fat high-carbohydrate or high-calorie diets are less suitable.
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A camp nurse is applying sunscreen to a group of children enrolled in swim classes. Chemical sunscreens are most effective when applied:
- A. Just before sun exposure
- B. Five minutes before sun exposure
- C. 15 minutes before sun exposure
- D. 30 minutes before sun exposure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chemical sunscreens require 30 minutes to absorb into the skin for optimal UV protection. Applying closer to exposure reduces effectiveness.
The nurse observes that a client has difficulty chewing and swallowing her food. A nursing response designed to reduce this problem would include:
- A. Ordering a full liquid diet for her
- B. Ordering five small meals for her
- C. Ordering a mechanical soft diet for her
- D. Ordering a puréed diet for her
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A mechanical soft diet is easier to chew and swallow due to its consistent texture, making it appropriate before trying a puréed diet.
A client with a history of osteoarthritis is admitted with complaints of joint stiffness. The nurse should expect the client to have:
- A. Pain with activity
- B. Morning stiffness lasting hours
- C. Symmetrical joint involvement
- D. Systemic symptoms like fever
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Osteoarthritis causes joint pain worsened by activity due to cartilage degeneration, unlike rheumatoid arthritis, which involves prolonged morning stiffness.
The client presents to the clinic with a serum cholesterol of 275 mg/dL and is placed on rosuvastatin (Crestor). Which instruction should be given to the client taking rosuvastatin (Crestor)?
- A. Report unexplained muscle weakness to the physician
- B. Allow six months for the drug to take effect
- C. Take the medication with fruit juice
- D. Report difficulty sleeping
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rosuvastatin a statin can cause myopathy or rhabdomyolysis. Unexplained muscle weakness is a serious side effect requiring immediate reporting to prevent complications. The other options are not specific to rosuvastatin therapy.
The nurse is caring for a client with a history of a pulmonary embolism who is receiving Lovenox (enoxaparin). The nurse should monitor the client for:
- A. Bleeding
- B. Hypertension
- C. Tachypnea
- D. Fever
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, increases bleeding risk, requiring monitoring for signs like bruising or hematuria. Hypertension, tachypnea, and fever are not primary concerns.