LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions

LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions Related

Review LPN Pharmacology Practice Questions related questions and content

The client is being taught about the use of sublingual nitroglycerin for chest pain. Which instruction should be provided?

  • A. Swallow the tablet whole with water.
  • B. Place the tablet under the tongue and let it dissolve.
  • C. Chew the tablet and then swallow.
  • D. Place the tablet between the cheek and gum.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct method for administering sublingual nitroglycerin is to place the tablet under the tongue and allow it to dissolve. This route of administration facilitates rapid absorption of the medication into the bloodstream, enabling quick relief of chest pain associated with angina or heart conditions. Choice A is incorrect because sublingual nitroglycerin should not be swallowed whole. Choice C is wrong as chewing the tablet can lead to the rapid release of the drug, causing adverse effects like headaches or dizziness. Choice D is also incorrect as the tablet should not be placed between the cheek and gum, but under the tongue for proper absorption.

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The healthcare professional is assisting in the care of a client diagnosed with heart failure. The client is receiving furosemide (Lasix). Which laboratory value should the healthcare professional monitor most closely?

  • A. Serum calcium
  • B. Serum potassium
  • C. Serum sodium
  • D. Serum glucose
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to significant potassium loss, making it crucial to monitor the client's serum potassium levels. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) can result from furosemide use, potentially leading to adverse effects such as cardiac dysrhythmias. Therefore, close monitoring of serum potassium levels is essential to prevent complications in clients receiving furosemide. Monitoring serum calcium, sodium, or glucose levels is not the priority when administering furosemide.

A primary care NP is preparing to prescribe a fluoroquinolone for a patient who has a history of alcohol abuse that has caused liver damage. The NP should choose:

  • A. norfloxacin.
  • B. levofloxacin.
  • C. gemifloxacin.
  • D. ciprofloxacin.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because levofloxacin has lower hepatic risk, safer for liver-damaged patients. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect (higher hepatic risk).

The primary care NP performs a physical examination on an 89-year-old patient who is about to enter a skilled nursing facility. The patient reports having had chickenpox as a child. The NP should:

  • A. obtain a varicella titer.
  • B. administer the Varivax vaccine.
  • C. give the patient the Zostavax vaccine.
  • D. plan to prescribe Zovirax if the patient is exposed to shingles.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because Zostavax is recommended for adults over 60 to prevent shingles, regardless of prior chickenpox. Choice A is incorrect (titer not needed). Choice B is wrong (Varivax not for shingles). Choice D is inaccurate (prophylaxis not standard).

A woman who is pregnant develops gestational diabetes. The NP's initial action is to:

  • A. prescribe an oral antidiabetic agent.
  • B. give her information about diet and exercise.
  • C. begin treating her with daily insulin injections.
  • D. reassure her that her glucose levels will return to normal after pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because diet and exercise are the initial management for gestational diabetes. Choice A is incorrect (oral agents lack sufficient safety data). Choice C is wrong (insulin isn’t first-line). Choice D is inaccurate (reassurance alone doesn’t address current needs).

Signs of tolerance include:

  • A. Needing higher doses for the same effect
  • B. Reduced side effects over time
  • C. Increased sensitivity to the drug
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Choice A is correct because tolerance is defined by needing more drug for the same effect due to body adaptation, per pharmacokinetic principles. Choice B is incorrect as reduced side effects may occur but aren't the definition. Choice C is wrong because sensitivity decreases, not increases. Choice D is incorrect since only A fits.

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