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The client is employed in a job that requires extensive standing. Which intervention should the nurse include when discussing how to prevent varicose veins?
- A. Wear low-heeled, comfortable shoes.
- B. Wear clean white cotton socks.
- C. Move the legs back and forth often.
- D. Wear graduated compression hose.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Compression hose (D) prevent venous pooling, reducing varicose vein risk. Low heels (A), socks (B), and leg movement (C) help but are less effective.
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Which client problem would be priority in a client diagnosed with arterial occlusive disease who is admitted to the hospital with a foot ulcer?
- A. Impaired skin integrity.
- B. Activity intolerance.
- C. Ineffective health maintenance.
- D. Risk for peripheral neuropathy.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A foot ulcer in PAD indicates impaired skin integrity (A), the priority due to infection risk. Activity intolerance (B), health maintenance (C), and neuropathy (D) are secondary.
Which response by the nurse about blood circulation is most appropriate?
- A. The arteries begin to function as veins.
- B. New veins grow to replace the ones that were removed.
- C. Other veins take over the work of those removed.
- D. The healthy vein ends are attached to other veins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After vein stripping, other superficial and deep veins compensate for the removed veins, maintaining circulation.
Which dietary selection indicates the client with essential hypertension understands the discharge teaching?
- A. Fried pork chops, a loaded baked potato, and coffee.
- B. Spaghetti and meatballs, garlic bread, and iced tea.
- C. Baked ham, macaroni and cheese, and milk.
- D. Broiled fish, steamed broccoli, and garden salad.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Broiled fish, steamed broccoli, and salad (D) are low-sodium, low-fat, aligning with hypertension teaching. Pork chops (A), meatballs/bread (B), and ham/cheese (C) are high-sodium/fat.
Which discharge instruction should the nurse teach the client diagnosed with varicose veins who has received sclerotherapy?
- A. Walk 15 to 20 minutes three (3) times a day.
- B. Keep the legs in the dependent position when sitting.
- C. Remove compression bandages before going to bed.
- D. Perform Buerger-Allen exercises four (4) times a day.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Walking 15–20 minutes 3×/day (A) promotes venous return post-sclerotherapy. Dependent position (B) worsens pooling, bandages (C) stay on, and Buerger-Allen (D) is for arterial disease.
Which complaint made by the client to the nurse can best be attributed to varicose leg veins?
- A. My legs and feet feel tired after prolonged standing.
- B. My feet perspire heavily during the day.
- C. I wake up at night with a restless feeling in my legs.
- D. I have pain in my shins when I jog.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Varicose veins often cause fatigue and heaviness in the legs, especially after prolonged standing, due to impaired venous return.