Nokea
The client with aortic stenosis asks why they feel tired. What is the best response?
- A. Your heart is not pumping enough blood.
- B. Your lungs are retaining fluid.
- C. Your blood pressure is too high.
- D. Your heart rate is too slow.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aortic stenosis restricts blood flow from the heart, reducing cardiac output and causing fatigue.
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Which response by the nurse about blood circulation is most appropriate?
- A. The arteries begin to function as veins.
- B. New veins grow to replace the ones that were removed.
- C. Other veins take over the work of those removed.
- D. The healthy vein ends are attached to other veins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: After vein stripping, other superficial and deep veins compensate for the removed veins, maintaining circulation.
The nurse is demonstrating the use of a blood pressure sphygmomanometer to a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which should the nurse teach the client? Select all that apply.
- A. Tell the client to make sure the cuff is placed over an artery.
- B. Teach the client to notify the health-care provider if the BP is >160/100.
- C. Instruct the client about orthostatic hypotension.
- D. Encourage the client to keep a record of the blood pressure readings.
- E. Explain that even when the blood pressure is within normal limits the medication should still be taken.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: Cuff over artery (A), notifying HCP for BP >160/100 (B), orthostatic precautions (C), BP log (D), and continuing meds (E) ensure proper BP management. All apply.
Which dietary selection indicates the client with essential hypertension understands the discharge teaching?
- A. Fried pork chops, a loaded baked potato, and coffee.
- B. Spaghetti and meatballs, garlic bread, and iced tea.
- C. Baked ham, macaroni and cheese, and milk.
- D. Broiled fish, steamed broccoli, and garden salad.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Broiled fish, steamed broccoli, and salad (D) are low-sodium, low-fat, aligning with hypertension teaching. Pork chops (A), meatballs/bread (B), and ham/cheese (C) are high-sodium/fat.
Which assessment finding indicates a worsening condition in a client with valvular heart disease? Select all that apply.
- A. Shortness of breath at rest
- B. Weight gain of 4 pounds in 3 days
- C. Fatigue with minimal activity
- D. Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg
- E. Bilateral crackles in lungs
- F. Heart rate of 80 beats per minute
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: Shortness of breath, weight gain, fatigue, and crackles indicate worsening heart failure due to valvular dysfunction.
Which activity should the nurse advise a client with a new pacemaker to avoid?
- A. Swimming in a chlorinated pool
- B. Using a microwave oven
- C. Lifting heavy objects for 6 weeks
- D. Walking for exercise
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoiding heavy lifting for 6 weeks prevents dislodgement of pacemaker leads.