Nokea
The client with cardiomyopathy is prescribed a beta-blocker. What is the primary purpose of this medication?
- A. Increase heart rate
- B. Reduce cardiac workload
- C. Prevent blood clots
- D. Remove excess fluid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand, decreasing cardiac workload.
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Which health-care provider’s order should the nurse question in a client diagnosed with an expanding abdominal aortic aneurysm who is scheduled for surgery in the morning?
- A. Type and crossmatch for two (2) units of blood.
- B. Tap water enema until clear fecal return.
- C. Bedrest with bathroom privileges.
- D. Keep nothing by mouth (NPO) after midnight.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enemas (B) risk increasing intra-abdominal pressure, dangerous in expanding AAA. Blood crossmatch (A), bedrest (C), and NPO (D) are appropriate pre-surgery.
Which complication should the nurse monitor for in a client with valvular heart disease?
- A. Pulmonary embolism
- B. Heart failure
- C. Liver failure
- D. Pneumonia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valvular heart disease can lead to heart failure due to increased cardiac workload and impaired pump function.
The nurse is completing a neurovascular assessment on the client with chronic venous insufficiency. What should be included in this assessment? Select all that apply.
- A. Assess for paresthesia.
- B. Assess for pedal pulses.
- C. Assess for paralysis.
- D. Assess for pallor.
- E. Assess for polar (temperature).
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: Paresthesia (A) and pedal pulses (B) assess neurovascular status in venous insufficiency. Paralysis (C) and pallor (D) are arterial, and polar/temperature (E) is assessed but not primary.
The nurse is preparing a client for cardioversion. Which instruction is most important?
- A. You will be awake during the procedure.
- B. You must not eat for 4 hours after.
- C. You will receive sedation before the procedure.
- D. You can resume normal activity immediately.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sedation is used during cardioversion to ensure comfort and amnesia during the procedure.
The client asks the nurse, 'My doctor just told me that atherosclerosis is why my legs hurt when I walk. What does that mean?' Which response by the nurse would be the best response?
- A. The muscle fibers and endothelial lining of your arteries have become thickened.'
- B. The next time you see your HCP, ask what atherosclerosis means.'
- C. The valves in the veins of your legs are incompetent so your legs hurt.'
- D. You have a hardening of your arteries that decreases the oxygen to your legs.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Atherosclerosis causes arterial hardening, reducing leg oxygen (D), a clear explanation for claudication. Thickening (A) is technical, deferring (B) avoids teaching, and venous valves (C) are unrelated.