Nokea
The client with endocarditis asks why they need IV antibiotics. What is the best response?
- A. They work faster than oral antibiotics.
- B. They are cheaper than oral forms.
- C. They prevent stomach upset.
- D. They are easier to take.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: IV antibiotics achieve higher blood levels to effectively treat the infection in endocarditis.
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The client diagnosed with essential hypertension asks the nurse, 'I don’t know why the doctor is worried about my blood pressure. I feel just great.' Which statement by the nurse would be the most appropriate response?
- A. Damage can be occurring to your heart and kidneys even if you feel great.'
- B. Unless you have a headache, your blood pressure is probably within normal limits.'
- C. When is the last time you saw your doctor? Does he know you are feeling great?'
- D. Your blood pressure reflects how well your heart is working.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypertension causes silent organ damage (heart, kidneys) (A), even without symptoms. Headaches (B) aren’t reliable, doctor visits (C) are irrelevant, and heart function (D) is vague.
Which signs/symptoms would the nurse expect to find when assessing a client diagnosed with subclavian steal syndrome?
- A. Complaints of arm tiredness with exertion.
- B. Complaints of shortness of breath while resting.
- C. Jugular vein distention when sitting at a 35-degree angle.
- D. Dilated blood vessels above the nipple line.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Subclavian steal syndrome causes arm ischemia due to subclavian artery occlusion, leading to arm tiredness with exertion (A). Shortness of breath (B), JVD (C), and dilated vessels (D) are not typical.
Which finding in a client taking a thiazide diuretic for hypertension requires immediate action?
- A. Potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L
- B. Blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg
- C. Mild fatigue
- D. Weight loss of 1 pound
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia from thiazide diuretics can cause arrhythmias, requiring immediate intervention.
The client is prescribed nitroglycerin for angina. Which instruction should the nurse include?
- A. Take it every day even if you feel well.
- B. Place the tablet under your tongue.
- C. Swallow the tablet with water.
- D. Apply it as a patch on your chest.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual nitroglycerin is placed under the tongue for rapid absorption to relieve angina.
The nurse is teaching a class on coronary artery disease. Which modifiable risk factor should the nurse discuss when teaching about atherosclerosis?
- A. Stress.
- B. Age.
- C. Gender.
- D. Family history.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stress (A) is a modifiable risk factor for atherosclerosis (e.g., via lifestyle changes). Age (B), gender (C), and family history (D) are non-modifiable.