Nokea
The clinic nurse caring for a patient with Parkinsons disease notes that the patient has been taking levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet) for 7 years. For what common side effect of Sinemet would the nurse assesses this patient?
- A. Pruritus
- B. Dyskinesia
- C. Lactose intolerance
- D. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Long-term levodopa use (5-10 years) commonly causes dyskinesia. Pruritus, lactose intolerance, and diarrhea are not typical side effects.
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A patient with Parkinsons disease is experiencing episodes of constipation that are becoming increasingly frequent and severe. The patient states that he has been achieving relief for the past few weeks by using OTC laxatives. How should the nurse respond?
- A. Its important to drink plenty of fluids while youre taking laxatives.
- B. Make sure that you supplement your laxatives with a nutritious diet.
- C. Lets explore other options, because laxatives can have side effects and create dependency.
- D. You should ideally be using herbal remedies rather than medications to promote bowel function.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Laxatives risk dependency and side effects in Parkinson's patients. Exploring alternatives like diet or positioning is safer than fluids, nutrition alone, or herbal remedies.
A patient has just returned to the unit from the PACU after surgery for a tumor within the spine. The patient complains of pain. When positioning the patient for comfort and to reduce injury to the surgical site, the nurse will position to patient in what position?
- A. In the high Fowlers position
- B. In a flat side-lying position
- C. In the Trendelenberg position
- D. In the reverse Trendelenberg position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flat side-lying position minimizes pressure on the surgical site, reducing pain and complications. Other positions increase strain or risk.
The nurse responds to the call light of a patient who has had a cervical diskectomy earlier in the day. The patient states that she is having severe pain that had a sudden onset. What is the nurses most appropriate action?
- A. Palpate the surgical site.
- B. Remove the dressing to assess the surgical site.
- C. Call the surgeon to report the patients pain.
- D. Administer a dose of an NSAID.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sudden severe pain post-diskectomy may indicate graft extrusion, requiring immediate surgical notification. Palpation, dressing removal, or NSAIDs could delay critical intervention.
A patient has just been diagnosed with Parkinsons disease and the nurse is planning the patients subsequent care for the home setting. What nursing diagnosis should the nurse address when educating the patients family?
- A. Risk for infection
- B. Impaired spontaneous ventilation
- C. Unilateral neglect
- D. Risk for injury
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Parkinson's disease increases fall risk due to dyskinesia and bradykinesia, making 'risk for injury' a priority. Infection, ventilation, or neglect are not typical concerns.
The nurse educator is discussing neoplasms with a group of recent graduates. The educator explains that the effects of neoplasms are caused by the compression and infiltration of normal tissue. The physiologic changes that result can cause what pathophysiologic events? Select all that apply.
- A. Intracranial hemorrhage
- B. Infection of cerebrospinal fluid
- C. Increased ICP
- D. Focal neurologic signs
- E. Altered pituitary function
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: Neoplasms cause increased ICP, focal neurologic signs, and altered pituitary function through compression. Hemorrhage and CSF infection are not typical effects.