Nokea
The community health nurse is involved in public health work. Which of these statements by the nurse reflects an understanding of upstream interventions?
- A. I will engage in policy initiatives in my urban area.
- B. I will administer the flu shot to interested seniors.
- C. I will help manage a senior's diabetes needs at home.
- D. I will work with a local school to provide asthma education.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Option A is correct as it involves engaging in policy initiatives which are considered upstream interventions in public health. Upstream interventions target the root causes of health issues at a population level. Policy initiatives can lead to systemic changes that impact the health of entire communities. Options B, C, and D are more focused on individual or downstream interventions, which address health issues after they have already occurred and do not target the underlying causes on a larger scale.
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Which best describes an example of primary prevention in maternal newborn care?
- A. Providing prenatal education classes
- B. Screening for gestational diabetes
- C. Providing postpartum support groups
- D. Offering breastfeeding support
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a disease or health condition before it happens. Providing prenatal education classes falls under primary prevention as it educates expecting mothers on healthy behaviors during pregnancy to prevent complications. This empowers them with knowledge and skills to promote their own and their baby's wellbeing. Screening for gestational diabetes (B) is a form of secondary prevention, as it detects a condition early to prevent its progression. Providing postpartum support groups (C) and offering breastfeeding support (D) are important interventions for promoting maternal and newborn health, but they are considered more as supportive or tertiary prevention measures rather than primary prevention.
In the Philippines, Community Health Nursing (CHN) involves health care provisions for individuals, families, population groups, and communities. During community health work, various health care strategies are utilized. The legal basis for incorporating traditional, non-traditional, alternative, or complementary health care strategies may be found in:
- A. PhilHealth Act
- B. Traditional and Alternative Health Care Law
- C. Philippine Nursing Act
- D. Philippine Medical Act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Traditional and Alternative Health Care Law. This law specifically addresses the integration of traditional, non-traditional, alternative, or complementary health care strategies into the healthcare system. This legal basis allows for the incorporation of diverse health care practices to cater to the cultural beliefs and preferences of the Filipino population.
A: PhilHealth Act primarily focuses on health insurance and financial assistance, not on the integration of traditional health care strategies.
C: Philippine Nursing Act regulates the nursing profession and does not specifically address the integration of traditional health care practices.
D: Philippine Medical Act governs medical practice standards and does not directly relate to the incorporation of traditional or alternative health care strategies.
A patient who has multiple health issues is discharged after a recent hospitalization. Which of the following comprehensive programs would a community health nurse refer the patient to if the patient is not under medical supervision but does have insurance?
- A. private health care practitioner
- B. a patient-centered medical home
- C. hospital clinic
- D. subacute facility
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: a patient-centered medical home. A patient-centered medical home provides comprehensive, coordinated care for patients with multiple health issues. It offers a team-based approach to managing care, including primary care, specialists, and other services. The patient does not need to be under medical supervision, but having insurance is beneficial for accessing the services offered. Referring the patient to a private health care practitioner (A) may not provide the level of coordination needed. Hospital clinics (C) typically focus on acute care, not comprehensive management. Subacute facilities (D) are for patients who need ongoing medical supervision and rehabilitation, which may not be necessary in this case.
What is the MOST COMMON cause of vaginal bleeding immediately after birth?
- A. Uterine atony
- B. Genital lacerations
- C. Abnormal clotting mechanisms
- D. Endometritis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uterine atony. After birth, the uterus may not contract properly, leading to excessive bleeding known as postpartum hemorrhage. Uterine atony is the most common cause, as the uterus fails to remain contracted after delivery. This results in inadequate compression of blood vessels, leading to bleeding. Genital lacerations can cause bleeding but are less common than uterine atony. Abnormal clotting mechanisms and endometritis are less likely causes of immediate postpartum bleeding compared to uterine atony.
When caring for a first-time mom and baby, the community RN would focus on which of the following as the first priority when developing appropriate interventions?
- A. Education
- B. Safety
- C. Policy-making
- D. Vaccination
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Safety. The first priority when caring for a first-time mom and baby should be ensuring their safety. Safety is crucial to prevent harm and promote well-being. Prioritizing safety includes addressing physical, emotional, and environmental factors that may impact the mother and baby. Education (choice A) is important but comes after ensuring safety. Policy-making (choice C) and vaccination (choice D) are important but not immediate priorities when caring for a first-time mom and baby.