Nokea
The control center of the cell, containing genetic information (DNA), is the:
- A. Golgi apparatus
- B. Ribosome
- C. Nucleus
- D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, the nucleus. The nucleus is the control center of the cell and houses the genetic information in the form of DNA. The Golgi apparatus (choice A) is responsible for packaging and processing proteins, the ribosome (choice B) is involved in protein synthesis, and the endoplasmic reticulum (choice D) is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are not the correct answers as they do not house the genetic information or serve as the control center of the cell.
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A rocket blasts off from Earth. What is the main force propelling the rocket upwards?
- A. Gravitational force
- B. Air resistance
- C. Thrust from the rocket engine
- D. Normal force from the launchpad
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main force propelling the rocket upwards is the thrust from the rocket engine. Thrust is the force produced by the rocket engine pushing exhaust gases in the opposite direction, following Newton's third law of motion (action and reaction). This thrust overcomes the force of gravity and allows the rocket to lift off and move upwards. Choice A, gravitational force, is incorrect as gravity pulls objects towards the Earth, and in this case, the rocket is moving against gravity. Choice B, air resistance, is incorrect because it opposes the motion of the rocket and is more relevant during descent rather than ascent. Choice D, normal force from the launchpad, is incorrect as this force acts perpendicular to the surface and does not propel the rocket upwards.
What is the significance of cell division?
- A. Growth and repair of tissues
- B. Sexual reproduction
- C. Genetic diversity
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cell division is a fundamental process that serves multiple critical functions in living organisms. It is essential for the growth and repair of tissues by enabling the formation of new cells to replace old or damaged ones. Moreover, cell division plays a pivotal role in sexual reproduction as it is involved in the production of gametes necessary for fertilization. Additionally, cell division contributes to genetic diversity through processes like meiosis, which leads to the formation of genetically distinct gametes. Therefore, the correct answer is D, 'All of the above,' as cell division is significant for growth, repair, sexual reproduction, and genetic diversity. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they each represent only one aspect of the significance of cell division, whereas the correct answer encompasses all the essential roles that cell division plays in living organisms.
What happens to the kinetic energy of an object when its mass is doubled?
- A. Kinetic energy remains the same
- B. Kinetic energy halves
- C. Kinetic energy doubles
- D. Kinetic energy quadruples
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is that the kinetic energy remains the same. Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of an object and the square of its velocity. When the mass is doubled, the kinetic energy would increase if the velocity remains constant. However, in this question, only the mass is mentioned, not the velocity. Therefore, when the mass is doubled, the kinetic energy remains the same as long as the velocity remains constant. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they incorrectly suggest changes in kinetic energy that do not accurately reflect the relationship between mass and kinetic energy described in the question.
The liver plays a vital role in digestion. What is one of the main functions of the liver in the digestive system?
- A. Physical breakdown of food
- B. Production of digestive enzymes
- C. Storage and processing of nutrients
- D. Elimination of waste products
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Storage and processing of nutrients. The liver plays a crucial role in processing nutrients absorbed from the small intestine, storing glycogen, vitamins, and minerals, and regulating blood sugar levels by releasing or storing glucose as needed. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the physical breakdown of food primarily occurs in the mouth and stomach, the production of digestive enzymes is mainly carried out by the pancreas and small intestine, and the elimination of waste products is primarily managed by the large intestine and kidneys, not the liver.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?
- A. Regulation of body temperature
- B. Protection from pathogens
- C. Synthesis of vitamin D
- D. Production of digestive enzymes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The production of digestive enzymes is not a function of the integumentary system. The integumentary system is responsible for regulating body temperature, protecting the body from pathogens, and synthesizing vitamin D. Digestive enzymes are produced by organs in the digestive system, such as the pancreas and stomach, and not by the integumentary system.