Nokea
The delivery of basic health services was decentralized to the local government units. The legal basis for this is embodied in:
- A. RA 7035
- B. EO 119
- C. RA 7160
- D. PD 999
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, RA 7160. This law, also known as the Local Government Code, decentralizes health services to local government units. RA 7035 is not the legal basis for decentralizing basic health services. EO 119 and PD 999 are also not the correct legal bases for the decentralization of health services.
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During a visit to the community health clinic, a 45-year-old Native American female, who has a BMI of 35, complains of changes in her vision. Which condition is most important for the RN to be aware of in the client's family history?
- A. Diabetes
- B. Glaucoma
- C. Hypertension
- D. Brain Tumor
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diabetes. Given the client's Native American ethnicity, high BMI, and vision changes, diabetes is the most crucial condition for the nurse to be aware of in the client's family history. Diabetes is strongly associated with vision problems, especially diabetic retinopathy. Glaucoma (choice B) is a condition that affects the optic nerve and can lead to vision loss but is not as directly linked to the client's BMI and ethnic background. Hypertension (choice C) can also impact vision, but in this case, diabetes takes precedence based on the client's profile. Brain tumor (choice D) is less likely to be related to the client's BMI, ethnicity, and vision changes compared to diabetes.
When teaching a responsible family member how to perform a certain procedure for the patient, what is the best approach?
- A. Perform all these steps
- B. Arrange for the practice of the procedure
- C. Describe the procedure
- D. Demonstrate the procedure
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best approach when teaching a responsible family member a procedure for the patient is to demonstrate the procedure. By demonstrating, the family member can visually see how it is done, making it easier for them to understand and replicate. This hands-on approach is more effective than just describing the procedure (choice C) or arranging for practice (choice B) without a visual demonstration. Performing all the steps (choice A) may not be practical or necessary when the goal is to teach someone else how to do it.
A client with diabetes mellitus is receiving insulin glargine (Lantus). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?
- A. Hypoglycemia
- B. Hyperkalemia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Hypercalcemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin used to control blood sugar levels in diabetes. The nurse should monitor the client for hypoglycemia, which is a potential side effect of insulin therapy. Hypoglycemia occurs when blood sugar levels drop too low, leading to symptoms such as shakiness, dizziness, sweating, confusion, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness. Hyperkalemia (choice B) is an elevated potassium level, not typically associated with insulin glargine. Hypertension (choice C) is high blood pressure, which is not a common side effect of insulin glargine. Hypercalcemia (choice D) is an elevated calcium level and is not related to the use of insulin glargine.
A 16-year-old client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with a diagnosis of attempted suicide. The nurse is aware that the most frequent cause for suicide in adolescents is
- A. Progressive failure to adapt
- B. Feelings of anger or hostility
- C. Reunion wish or fantasy
- D. Feelings of alienation or isolation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Feelings of alienation or isolation are common triggers for suicidal behavior in adolescents. This sense of being disconnected or isolated from others can lead to despair and hopelessness, increasing the risk of suicidal ideation. Choices A, B, and C are less commonly associated with suicide in adolescents. Progressive failure to adapt may contribute to stress, but it is not typically the primary cause of suicide. Feelings of anger or hostility, while negative emotions, do not always lead to suicidal behavior in adolescents. Reunion wish or fantasy is not a recognized primary cause of suicide in this age group.
In order to facilitate the planning and implementation of an income-generating project in a barangay, which of the following actions should the Public Health Nurse NOT do?
- A. Form working groups or committees
- B. Enlist the help of technical professionals for training and guiding the people
- C. Form a core group to coordinate the various projects
- D. Give the people complete freedom to do what they want
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Giving people complete freedom without any guidance or structure can lead to disorganization, lack of focus, and ultimately project failure. In the context of implementing an income-generating project, it is crucial to provide support, direction, and coordination to ensure the project's success. Forming working groups, enlisting technical professionals for training, and establishing a core group for coordination are essential steps to enhance efficiency, productivity, and the overall success of the project.