Nokea
The development of a culturally sensitive health education program for the socioeconomically disadvantaged requires the nurse to:
- A. Locate the program at an existing government facility.
- B. Integrate folk beliefs and traditions into the content.
- C. Prepare materials in the primary language of the program sponsor.
- D. Exclude community leaders from initial planning efforts.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Integrating folk beliefs and traditions ensures the program is culturally relevant and increases acceptance and effectiveness among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations.
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A small airplane crashes in a neighborhood of 10 houses. One of the victims appears to have a cervical spine injury. What should first-aid for this victim should be selected that apply.
- A. Establish an airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver.
- B. Immobilize the spine.
- C. Logroll the victim to a side-lying position.
- D. Elevate the feet 6" (15.2 cm).
- E. Place a cervical collar around the neck.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: For a suspected cervical spine injury, the airway should be opened with the jaw-thrust maneuver, the spine immobilized, and a cervical collar applied to prevent further injury. Logrolling or elevating feet could exacerbate the injury.
The nurse teaches the client with chronic cancer pain about optimal pain control. Which of the following recommendations is most effective for pain control?
- A. Get used to some pain and use a little less medication than needed to keep from being addicted.
- B. Take prescribed analgesics on an around-the-clock schedule to prevent recurrent pain.
- C. Take analgesics only when pain returns.
- D. Take enough analgesics around the clock so that you can sleep 12 to 16 hours a day to block the pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Taking analgesics around-the-clock prevents recurrent pain by maintaining steady drug levels, which is the most effective strategy for chronic cancer pain.
A client with rheumatoid arthritis tells the nurse, 'I know it is important to exercise my joints so that I won't lose mobility, but my joints are so stiff and painful that exercising is difficult.' Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. You are probably exercising too much. Decrease your exercise to every other day.'
- B. Tell the physician about your symptoms. Maybe your analgesic medication can be increased.'
- C. Stiffness and pain are part of the disease. Learn to cope by focusing on activities you enjoy.'
- D. Take a warm tub bath or shower before exercising. This may help with your discomfort.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warm baths or showers can reduce joint stiffness and pain, making exercise more tolerable and effective for maintaining mobility.
What would be the nurse's best response to the client's expressed feelings of isolation as a result of having hepatitis?
- A. Don't worry. It's normal to feel that way.'
- B. Your friends are probably afraid of contracting hepatitis from you.'
- C. I'm sure you're imagining that!'
- D. Tell me more about your feelings of isolation.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Encouraging the client to express feelings (D) fosters therapeutic communication and addresses emotional needs. Dismissing feelings (A, C) or assuming others' fears (B) is non-therapeutic and unhelpful.
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving prescribed fentanyl. Which of the following findings would indicate the client is having a side effect? Select all that apply.
- A. Nausea and vomiting
- B. Constipation
- C. Pruritus
- D. Urinary retention
- E. Nystagmus
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Fentanyl, an opioid, commonly causes nausea, constipation, pruritus, and urinary retention. Nystagmus is not a typical side effect.