Nokea
The distinction between obsessions and compulsions is the distinction between
- A. engaging in behaviors that are merely inconvenient and those that are severely disruptive
- B. having positive and negative feelings toward an object or event
- C. thoughts that are evidence of neurosis or those that are evidence of psychosis
- D. having repetitious thoughts or engaging in repetitious actions
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Obsessions are intrusive thoughts, while compulsions are repetitive actions to relieve them.
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Why does more green space result in stronger neighborhoods?
- A. Stronger neighborhood social ties
- B. Decreased crime
- C. More vegetation in a building, the fewer the crimes
- D. All the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Green spaces foster social ties, reduce crime, and improve community well-being, strengthening neighborhoods.
The nurse is leading a group for women who have experienced interpersonal violence. A client asks what research statistics tell about the perpetrators of interpersonal violence. The nurse can accurately respond that perpetrators are:
- A. Usually under the influence of drugs or alcohol
- B. Most often someone the victim knows
- C. A stranger to the victim in most cases
- D. Often in a psychotic state during the act
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because research shows that perpetrators of interpersonal violence are most often someone the victim knows, such as a partner, family member, or acquaintance. This is supported by studies and data that indicate a significant majority of interpersonal violence cases involve perpetrators who have a prior relationship with the victim. Choice A is incorrect because while substance abuse can be a factor in some cases, it is not the primary characteristic of perpetrators. Choice C is incorrect as statistics show that perpetrators are usually known to the victim rather than being strangers. Choice D is also incorrect as psychotic states are not typically the primary cause of interpersonal violence, and most perpetrators are not in such a state during the act.
Which of the following statements about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are true? (Select one tha does not apply)
- A. ADHD is more common in boys than in girls
- B. Children with ADHD tend to be of below-average intelligence
- C. Even though we think of ADHD as a disorder in children, adults can also have it
- D. Children with ADHD are often treated with the use of stimulants
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children with ADHD tend to be of above normal intelligence but often dont function at those levels. The causes of ADHD are more associated with brain dysfunction and genetic factors. Correct statements are: A (more common in boys), D (treated with stimulants), E (benefit from behavior modification), F (can persist into adulthood).
A patient with schizophrenia repeatedly asks for directions and the time of day. The nurse should:
- A. repeat the information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner.
- B. write out the information so the patient can easily refer to it.
- C. tell the patient that the habit of frequent questioning is annoying.
- D. provide the information once and then remind the patient that the question was already asked.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because patients with schizophrenia may have cognitive impairments affecting memory and orientation, leading to repetitive questioning. By repeating information in a kind, matter-of-fact manner, the nurse can address the patient's needs without causing distress.
Choice B may be helpful, but verbal reinforcement is essential for immediate clarification. Choice C is incorrect as it may exacerbate the patient's distress and worsen the therapeutic relationship. Choice D does not address the underlying cognitive issue and may come across as dismissive.
A patient has a maladaptive response to eating regulation. Findings include the following: height, 5 feet 3 inches; current weight, 80 pounds with weight loss of 30% of body weight over the past 3 months; T, 96.6m F; BP, 68/40; P, 40; R, 20; poor skin turgor; lanugo; amenorrhea of 6 months' duration; admits to restricting intake to 350 calories daily; is a vegetarian; dissatisfied with eating pattern as evidenced by patient statement, 'I need to lose another 10 pounds to be at ideal weight'; diagnostic testing reveals serum potassium of 2.9 mEq/L and urine specific gravity of 1.028. Which of the following would be the highest priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
- A. Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements.
- B. Disturbed body image.
- C. Deficient fluid volume.
- D. Powerlessness.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Deficient fluid volume. The patient is displaying signs of severe malnutrition and dehydration, as evidenced by significant weight loss, low blood pressure, low heart rate, and poor skin turgor. The low serum potassium and high urine specific gravity indicate dehydration. Addressing fluid volume deficiency is the top priority to stabilize the patient's condition and prevent further complications like electrolyte imbalances and organ damage. Choices A and B are important but secondary to addressing the immediate threat of dehydration. Choice D is not the priority as the patient's primary concern is physiological rather than psychological.