Nokea
The doctor has prescribed aspirin 325 mg daily for a client with transient ischemic attacks. The nurse explains that aspirin was prescribed to:
- A. Prevent headaches
- B. Boost coagulation
- C. Prevent cerebral anoxia
- D. Decrease platelet aggregation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of clot formation in transient ischemic attacks, which are precursors to stroke.
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The nurse has just administered an IM injection to a client. In which of the following ways should the nurse dispose of the needle?
- A. re-cap the needle and discard it in the nearest puncture-resistant container
- B. break the needle and discard it in the nearest puncture-resistant container
- C. discard the needle in a puncture-resistant container in the central medication area
- D. discard the needle in a puncture-resistant container in the client's room
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Needles should be disposed of immediately in a puncture-resistant container in the client’s room to minimize sharps injury risk.
When assisting a client with range-of-motion exercises, which movements should be carried out on the client's elbows? Select all that apply.
- A. Supination.
- B. Flexion.
- C. Circumduction
- D. Pronation
- E. Extension.
- F. Hyperextension.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Elbow range-of-motion includes flexion (B), extension (E), supination (A), and pronation (D). Circumduction (C) is not possible at the elbow, and hyperextension (F) is not a standard motion for this joint.
A nurse is triaging in the emergency room when a client enters complaining of muscle cramps and a feeling of exhaustion after a running competition. Which of the following would the nurse suspect?
- A. Hypernatremia
- B. Hyponatremia
- C. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
- D. Decreased potassium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyponatremia is common in runners due to excessive water intake or sodium loss through sweat, leading to muscle cramps and exhaustion. Hypernatremia, SIADH, or low potassium would present differently.
A client who has been diagnosed with lung cancer is starting a smoking-cessation program. Which of the following drugs would the nurse expect to be included in the program's plan?
- A. Bupropion SR (Zyban)
- B. Metoproterenol (Alupent)
- C. Oxitropium (Oxivent)
- D. Alprazolam (Xanax)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bupropion SR (Zyban) is commonly used in smoking cessation programs to reduce nicotine cravings and withdrawal symptoms.
The nurse is conducting a physical assessment on a client with anemia. Which of the following clinical manifestations would be most indicative of the anemia?
- A. BP 146/88
- B. Respirations 28 shallow
- C. Weight gain of 10 pounds in 6 months
- D. Pink complexion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tachypnea (respirations 28 shallow) is a common sign of anemia due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity, prompting compensatory increased respiratory rate.