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The ego's protective method of unconsciously reducing anxiety is
- A. Withdrawal
- B. Self guard
- C. Defense mechanism
- D. Resistance
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Defense mechanisms (Freud) unconsciously reduce anxiety, unlike conscious strategies.
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High fevers in can sometimes be associated with seizures:
- A. Childhood
- B. Preschooler
- C. Teenagers
- D. Adolescents
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Febrile seizures are associated with high fevers in childhood, typically under age 5.
The theorist who believes that human nature is positive is
- A. Sigmund Freud
- B. Carl Rogers
- C. Abraham Maslow
- D. Erik Erikson
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rogers' humanistic approach views human nature as inherently positive.
Which comment by a mother during a family therapy session shows evidence of scapegoating?
- A. Our youngest child always starts arguments and upsets everyone else.
- B. We all express our feelings openly except when we think it might upset my husband.
- C. Our oldest child knows that my husband and I are doing all we can for the others.
- D. After my husband has been drinking, I have to get everyone up and ready for school.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Scapegoating is blaming family problems on a member of the family who is not very powerful. The purpose of the blaming is to keep the focus off painful issues and off the blamers themselves. A double-bind message, such as We all express our feelings openly except when, involves giving instructions that are inherently contradictory or that place the person in a no-win situation. Our oldest child knows that is an example oftriangulation, wherein a third party is engaged to help stabilize an unstable pair within the family. A child assuming parental responsibilities (e.g., caring for siblings) because a parent fails to do so is an example of enabling.
Your client is in the special care area of your hospital with multiple trauma and severe bodily burns. This 45 year old male client has an advance directive that states that the client wants all life saving measures including cardiopulmonary resuscitation and advance cardiac life support, including mechanical ventilation. As you are caring for the client, the client has a complete cardiac and respiratory arrest. This client has little of no chance for survival and they are facing imminent death according to your professional judgement, knowledge of pathophysiology and your critical thinking. You believe that all life saving measures for this client would be futile. What is the first thing that you, as the nurse, should do?
- A. Call the doctor and advise them that the client's physical status has significantly changed and that they have just had a cardiopulmonary arrest.
- B. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation other emergency life saving measures.
- C. Notify the family of the client's condition and ask them what they should be done for the client.
- D. Insure that the client is without any distressing signs and symptoms at the end of life.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Resuscitation must begin immediately as per the advance directive until further instructions from the doctor.
How many stages of group development:
- A. 3
- B. 4
- C. 5
- D. 6
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tuckman's model includes 5 stages: forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning (1965, 1977).