Nokea
The emergency department nurse observes for the two cardinal signs of a hip fracture in a newly admitted patient, which are the shortening of the injured leg and the rotation of that same leg.
Correct Answer: external
Rationale: The two cardinal signs of a fractured hip are the appearance of the shortening of the affected leg and the external rotation of that same leg.
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Which will the home health nurse include monitoring for in the plan of care for an 82-year-old female with severe kyphosis from ankylosis?
- A. Urinary output
- B. Respiratory effort
- C. Sleep cycle
- D. Nutritional status
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe kyphosis may hinder the patient's ability to expand the rib cage and interfere with easy respiration. Severe kyphosis due to ankylosis will not affect the urinary output or the sleep cycle. Nutritional status is not necessarily impaired from severe kyphosis.
The division of the skeletal system that comprises the skull, hyoid, vertebral column, and thorax is the division.
Correct Answer: axial
Rationale: The axial division of the skeletal system is comprised of the skull, hyoid, vertebral column, and the thorax.
The nurse explains to a patient who has had a hip replacement that warfarin is prescribed for which reason?
- A. increase the red blood cells.
- B. reduce the threat of hemorrhage.
- C. prevent formation of emboli.
- D. help stabilize the prosthesis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warfarin is a standard postsurgical drug to prevent the formation of emboli. Warfarin does not increase red blood cells. The risk of hemorrhage is higher when an anticoagulant is taken. Warfarin does not help stabilize the prosthesis.
The nurse reinforces instructions for the patient who is to have a unicompartmental knee replacement that which is a major advantage of this partial knee replacement?
- A. the patient will be up and walking 2 to 3 hours after the operation.
- B. the kneecap is completely removed.
- C. the procedure is especially helpful in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
- D. a small titanium disk replaces the worn cartilage.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is also referred to as partial knee replacement in which the worn cartilage is replaced with a plastic disk. It is not as invasive as a full knee replacement and does not disturb the kneecap so that the patient can be up and walking in 2 to 3 hours after surgery. It is not recommended for patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
Which foods should the home health nurse suggest for the patient with osteoporosis to help slow the disease?
- A. Leafy green vegetables
- B. Foods high in sodium
- C. Tea and coffee
- D. Vitamin A
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To slow the bone loss, a patient with osteoporosis should eat green leafy vegetables, such as spinach and turnip greens, foods low in sodium, and avoid caffeine. Vitamin D helps with the absorption of calcium and stimulates bone formation.