Nokea
The end product of digestion of starch which is absorbed into the bloodstream is:
- A. amino acid
- B. fatty acid
- C. glucose
- D. sucrose
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Starch is broken down into glucose by enzymes like amylase and maltase, which is then absorbed into the bloodstream.
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A gastrointestinal tumor involving villi and plicae circulares might interfere with:
- A. deglutition
- B. absorption
- C. peristalsis
- D. defecation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Villi and plicae circulares increase the surface area for absorption in the small intestine. A tumor affecting these structures would impair absorption.
Out of four layers of alimentary canal, which one forms villi, (finger-like projection)?
- A. Serosa
- B. Mucosa
- C. Submucosa
- D. Muscularis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The mucosa layer forms villi, increasing the surface area for absorption in the small intestine.
Removal of waste from body in the form of undigested food is called
- A. Digestion
- B. Absorption
- C. Assimilation
- D. Egestion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Egestion is the removal of undigested waste from the body.
Homeostasis is best described as:
- A. The process by which we change our external environment so that we are comfortable
- B. A process that uses hormones to adjust our bodily functions
- C. A process by which nerves and hormones operate together to keep the internal environment stable no matter what the external conditions
- D. A process by which the nerves make us respond to danger
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Homeostasis maintains internal stability using nerves and hormones despite external changes.
The break down products of fat molecules can pass directly through the cell membrane. Why?
- A. Fats are soluble in the membrane because the membrane is made of phospholipids
- B. Fats pass through via a protein pump
- C. Fats pass through via a protein channel
- D. Fats are transported through with a special device called a transporter
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fat breakdown products (fatty acids and glycerol) are lipid-soluble and can diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes.