Nokea
The family of an older adult client is concerned about the client's lack of appetite. The nurse counsels the family initially, recalling that:
- A. The client should be evaluated by the primary care provider
- B. The client is depressed and needs antidepressant medication
- C. Loss of appetite is often associated with substance abuse
- D. Loss of taste buds is a common finding in the elderly
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Age-related loss of taste buds can reduce appetite in older adults.
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Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating gallbladder contraction and the release of bile into the small intestine during the intestinal phase of digestion?
- A. Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- B. Secretin
- C. Gastrin
- D. Glucagon
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CCK, released in response to fats in the duodenum, stimulates gallbladder contraction and bile release for fat digestion.
Which substance destroy the harmful bacteria in stomach?
- A. Cerumin
- B. Chyme
- C. HCl
- D. Secretin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HCl in the stomach kills harmful bacteria ingested with food.
Brunner's glands are located in :
- A. Oesophagus
- B. Duodenum
- C. Intestine
- D. Stomach
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brunner's glands are specifically found in the duodenum.
Which of the following is not a function of saliva?
- A. to initiate protein digestion
- B. to aid in cleansing the teeth
- C. to lubricate the pharynx
- D. to assist in formation of the bolus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Saliva contains amylase for carbohydrate digestion, but it does not initiate protein digestion.
Amylase is an example of a(n)
- A. accessory organ
- B. carbohydrate
- C. enzyme
- D. vitamin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starches into sugars.