Nokea
Which substance of saliva destroy the harmful bacteria-
- A. Cerumin
- B. Chyme
- C. Lysozyme
- D. Secretin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lysozyme in saliva has antibacterial properties, breaking down bacterial cell walls.
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Match: Carbohydrate
- A. major source of energy composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- B. composed of amino acids
- C. made of glycerol and fatty acids
- D. used for insulation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates serve as the body's primary energy source and consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
What provides the luminal surface of the intestinal wall its characteristics?
- A. Smooth and slippery due to peritoneum
- B. Smooth and slippery due to mucus from epithelial cells
- C. Rough due to villi
- D. Dry due to serosa
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The luminal surface is smooth and slippery due to mucus secreted by goblet cells in the mucosa, not the peritoneum, which is external.
An important function of the intestinal villi is to:
- A. increase the surface area for absorption of nutrients
- B. move chyme along the alimentary canal
- C. form a protective covering for the alimentary canal
- D. synthesise amino acids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Intestinal villi are finger-like projections that vastly increase the surface area of the small intestine for nutrient absorption.
Enzyme maltase in human gut acts on food at a pH of -
- A. More than 7 to change starch into maltose.
- B. Less than 7 to change starch into maltose.
- C. More than 7 to change maltose into glucose.
- D. Less than 7 to change maltose into glucose.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maltase works in the small intestine (pH > 7) to convert maltose into glucose.
If a patient is experiencing an intensified sympathetic response, listening to the bowel sounds during auscultation would most likely reveal:
- A. An increase in both the rate and intensity of the bowel sounds
- B. An increase in the rate of bowel sounds accompanied by a decrease in intensity
- C. A decrease in both the rate and intensity of the bowel sounds
- D. Bowel sounds with a normal rate and intensity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sympathetic activation inhibits GI motility (fight-or-flight response), reducing bowel sound rate and intensity.