Nokea
What is the role of mucus secreted by the stomach?
- A. To protect the lining of the stomach
- B. To digest fats
- C. To kill the germs in the food
- D. To digest the proteins
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mucus or Gastric mucus is a gel barrier secreted by epithelial cells & glandular cells in the stomach wall. It protects the inner lining of the stomach from HCl.
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A digestive enzyme, salivary amylase, in the saliva begin digestion of-
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Protein
- C. Fats
- D. Nucleic acids
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Salivary amylase (ptyalin) in saliva begins the digestion of carbohydrates by breaking down starches into simpler sugars like maltose.
Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating gallbladder contraction and the release of bile into the small intestine during the intestinal phase of digestion?
- A. Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- B. Secretin
- C. Gastrin
- D. Glucagon
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: CCK, released in response to fats in the duodenum, stimulates gallbladder contraction and bile release for fat digestion.
Match: Carbohydrate
- A. major source of energy composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- B. composed of amino acids
- C. made of glycerol and fatty acids
- D. used for insulation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates serve as the body's primary energy source and consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
Concerning Circumvallate papilla the following is true EXCEPT:
- A. Most numerous type of the lingual papillae.
- B. Its sides carry about 250 taste buds.
- C. Has underlying Von Ebner's glands.
- D. Surrounded by circular groove.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Circumvallate papillae are the least numerous (about 8-12 in humans), not the most numerous, and they carry many taste buds with Von Ebner's glands.
The family of an older adult client is concerned about the client's lack of appetite. The nurse counsels the family initially, recalling that:
- A. The client should be evaluated by the primary care provider
- B. The client is depressed and needs antidepressant medication
- C. Loss of appetite is often associated with substance abuse
- D. Loss of taste buds is a common finding in the elderly
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Age-related loss of taste buds can reduce appetite in older adults.