Nokea
The first documented study in health care and nursing based on standards is attributed to which following person?
- A. Jean Watson
- B. Virginia Henderson
- C. Florence Nightingale
- D. Sister Mary Dorothy Ross
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first documented study in health care and nursing, based on the use of standards, is attributed to Florence Nightingale, who, in 1858, investigated the quality of care provided to military personnel.
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Which of the following reflects a process standard in the proposed levels for assessing quality?
- A. Nursing activities
- B. Environmental characteristics
- C. Anticipated results of the care provided
- D. Philosophy and mission of the institution
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Process standards are focused on nursing roles and activities to meet patient care goals. Examples of process standards include the nursing process, communication between nurses and patients, and nursing activities.
Which one of the following is an associated domain of outcomes measurement?
- A. Nursing care plans
- B. Nursing care pathways
- C. Evidence-informed best practice guidelines
- D. Professional association standards of practice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An associated domain of outcomes measurement is the use of evidence-informed best practice guidelines as a support to nurse decision making in the delivery of quality nursing care.
Which of the following is the common denominator of all quality assurance programs?
- A. Process
- B. Outcome
- C. Standards
- D. Structure
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The common denominator of all quality assurance programs is standards.
What is the goal of methods used to standardize the process of continuous quality improvement?
- A. Detection of errors
- B. Prevention of errors
- C. Detection of people problems
- D. Evaluation of organizational functioning
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The goal of continuous quality improvement is prevention, not detection, of errors. Quality improvement is a continuous cycle of improving processes before errors are made or complaints are reviewed. Doing the right thing the first time and all the time is considered much more cost-effective than redoing work.
Historically, quality assurance in health care was defined as being which one of the following?
- A. Making campaigns targeting satisfied patients
- B. Self-regulating activities of various professions
- C. Actions designed to improve processes and outcomes
- D. Increasing attentiveness and responsiveness to those receiving care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Historically, quality assurance in health care was defined as the self-regulating activities of various professions.