Nokea
The following can be used for diabetes mellitus:
- A. Desmoporesine
- B. Insuline preparations
- C. Chlorpropamide
- D. Metformin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin, chlorpropamide, metformin, and acarbose (B, C, D, E) are all used for diabetes management.
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Juanita had a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and was on heparin in the hospital and was discharged on warfarin. She asks her primary care provider NP why she was getting both medications while in the hospital. The best response is to:
- A. Contact the hospitalist as this is not the normal guideline for prescribing these two medications and she may have had a more complicated case
- B. Explain that warfarin is often started while a patient is still on heparin because warfarin takes a few days to reach effectiveness
- C. Encourage the patient to contact the Customer Service department at the hospital as this was most likely a medication error during her admission
- D. Draw anticoagulation studies to make sure she does not have dangerously high bleeding times
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warfarin's delayed onset requires heparin overlap for immediate anticoagulation; this is standard, not an error or exception .
Which of the following statement is correct for Amantadine?
- A. Has agonistic action on NDMA type of glutamate receptors
- B. It was developed as antiepileptic drug
- C. Acts as a D2 blocker
- D. Produces livedo reticularis as side effect
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Amantadine, an antiviral and antiparkinsonian drug, can cause livedo reticularis (a skin mottling side effect); it blocks NMDA receptors, not agonizes them, and enhances dopamine release, not blocks D2.
Decision support systems often provide medication alerts that tell the prescriber:
- A. Patient history data with a summary of their diagnoses
- B. The usual dosage for the drug being prescribed
- C. The patient's latest laboratory values, such as potassium levels
- D. Potential drug-to-drug interactions with other medications the patient is taking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Decision support systems primarily alert prescribers to drug-drug interactions.
In an acute attack of migraine, the drug of choice is
- A. Ergotamine tartrate
- B. Methysergide
- C. Propranolol
- D. Caffeine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ergotamine tartrate is the drug of choice for acute migraine.
Your patient calls for an appointment before going on vacation. Which medication should you ensure he has an adequate supply of before leaving to avoid life-threatening complications?
- A. Carvedilol
- B. Donepezil
- C. Bethanechol
- D. Tacrine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abrupt carvedilol withdrawal can cause life-threatening rebound hypertension or ischemia.