Nokea
The following drugs induce hepatic enzymes:
- A. Rifampicin
- B. Phenobarbitone
- C. Cimetidine
- D. Erythromycin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rifampicin is known to induce hepatic enzymes, which can increase the metabolism of other drugs and reduce their efficacy.
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A young female client with seven children is having frequent morning headaches, dizziness, and blurred vision. Her blood pressure (BP) is 168/104 mmHg. The client reports that her husband recently lost his job and she is not sleeping well. After administering a STAT dose of an antihypertensive IV medication, which intervention is most important for the nurse to implement?
- A. Measure urine output hourly to assess for rental perfusion
- B. Request a prescription for pain medication
- C. Use an automated BP machine to monitor for hypotension
- D. Provide a quiet environment with low lighting
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring blood pressure is crucial after administering an antihypertensive to ensure the client does not become hypotensive.
Which finding might delay a cardiac catheterization procedure on a 1-year-old?
- A. 30th percentile for weight
- B. Severe diaper rash
- C. Allergy to soy
- D. Oxygen saturation of 91% on room air
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A severe diaper rash may indicate potential infection, which is a contraindication for the standard groin approach during catheterization.
How long should a 4-year-old child recovering from rheumatic fever need to receive monthly injections of penicillin G?
- A. 1 year
- B. 2 years
- C. 5 years
- D. 10 years
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Children who recover from rheumatic fever should have a chemoprophylaxis protocol of penicillin G injections (about 200,000 units per dose) for a minimum of 5 years or up to the age of 18 to prevent further bouts of rheumatic fever.
What is cardiac power output (CPO) in a patient with acute anterior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction and left ventricular failure? His mean arterial pressure was 60 mm Hg and cardiac output calculated on echo was 2.91l min−1.
- A. 0.48
- B. 0.38
- C. 0.58
- D. 0.68
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cardiac power output is calculated as (MAP × cardiac output) / 451. For the given values, the correct calculation gives a value of 0.58.
Tests used in establishing a diagnosis of coeliac disease are:
- A. IgA anti-endomysial antibodies
- B. IgM anti-reticulin antibodies
- C. IgA anti-gliadin antibodies
- D. Duodenal biopsy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A duodenal biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing coeliac disease, as it provides histological confirmation of the disease.