Nokea
The following statements about the prostate are true:
- A. it is an exocrine glandular organ;
- B. it is an unpaired organ;
- C. it secretes a fluid that is part of the semen;
- D. it is vascularized by a branch of the internal iliac artery;
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for the correct answer (A):
1. The prostate gland is an exocrine gland because it secretes its products through ducts onto an epithelial surface.
2. It is a paired organ, with two lobes located above the urethra and below the bladder.
3. The prostate secretes a fluid that contributes to the seminal fluid, not semen itself.
4. The prostate is vascularized by branches of the internal iliac artery, not the entire gland.
Therefore, the correct statement is that the prostate is an exocrine glandular organ (Choice A).
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A client diagnosed with a vaginal fistula is at risk for low self-esteem. Which of the following would be an appropriate recommendation for the client?
- A. Wear disposable, absorbent incontinence briefs
- B. Avoid the use of commercial deodorizers at home
- C. Abstain from sexual intercourse
- D. Avoid frequent douches
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Disposable, absorbent incontinence briefs can help manage symptoms and improve comfort and confidence.
During the first few years after menopause, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are normally extremely high. A 56-year-old woman completed menopause 3 years ago. However, she is found to have low levels of FSH in her blood. Which of the following is the best explanation for this finding?
- A. She has been receiving hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone since she completed menopause
- B. Her adrenal glands continue to produce estrogen
- C. Her ovaries continue to secrete estrogen
- D. She took birth control pills for 20 years before menopause
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: She has been receiving hormone replacement therapy with estrogen and progesterone since she completed menopause. Hormone replacement therapy suppresses the release of FSH by providing exogenous hormones, thereby reducing the body's need to produce FSH. This explains the low levels of FSH in her blood despite being postmenopausal.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
B: Her adrenal glands continue to produce estrogen - Adrenal glands do produce small amounts of estrogen, but not in sufficient quantities to significantly impact FSH levels.
C: Her ovaries continue to secrete estrogen - Ovaries cease estrogen production after menopause, so this would not explain the low FSH levels.
D: She took birth control pills for 20 years before menopause - Birth control pills do not directly impact FSH levels in postmenopausal women.
The general meaning of the term "corpus" is best described by which of the following?
- A. Abdomen
- B. Body
- C. Death
- D. Head
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Body. Corpus commonly refers to a collection of written or spoken texts, which together form a body of work. "Body" is the best choice as it encompasses the idea of a collection or group of related items. A is incorrect as it refers specifically to the abdomen, not the general term. C, Death, and D, Head, are unrelated to the general meaning of "corpus" as they do not convey the idea of a body or collection.
The nurse explains to a patient being prepared for colposcopy with a cervical biopsy that the procedure
- A. involves dilation of the cervix and biopsy of the tissue lining the uterus.
- B. will take place in a same-day surgery center so that local anesthesia can be used.
- C. requires that the patient have nothing to eat or drink for 6 hours before the procedure.
- D. Is similar to a speculum examination of the cervix and should result in little
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Colposcopy with a cervical biopsy involves visualization of the cervix using a colposcope.
Step 2: The procedure may involve taking a biopsy of abnormal tissue for further evaluation.
Step 3: Dilation of the cervix may be needed to access and obtain a biopsy sample.
Step 4: Biopsy is taken from the tissue lining the cervix, not the uterus.
Step 5: Therefore, option A is correct as it accurately describes the procedure.
Summary: Choice B is incorrect as colposcopy can be performed in an outpatient setting without the need for local anesthesia. Choice C is incorrect as fasting is not typically required for this procedure. Choice D is incorrect as colposcopy is more invasive than a speculum examination.
While taking a history of a patient with an enlarged prostate, the nurse expects the patient to report which symptom?
- A. Painful urination with each voiding
- B. Blood in the urine upon arising
- C. Waking from sleep to urinate
- D. Incontinence throughout the day
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Waking from sleep to urinate. This symptom, known as nocturia, is common in patients with an enlarged prostate due to increased pressure on the bladder causing frequent urination at night. This is a classic sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Painful urination (choice A) is more indicative of a urinary tract infection. Blood in the urine (choice B) could suggest other conditions like bladder cancer. Incontinence throughout the day (choice D) is more commonly associated with other urinary issues such as overactive bladder or pelvic floor dysfunction.