Nokea
The following syndromes are caused by chromosomal abnormalities:
- A. Cri-du-chat syndrome
- B. Kearns-Sayre syndrome
- C. Marfan's syndrome
- D. Turner's syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Turner's syndrome: Turner's syndrome is caused by a monosomy of the X chromosome, characterized by short stature, infertility, and heart defects.
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Sequelae of a complete posterior cord section between C3 and T1 include:
- A. Muscle fasciculation
- B. Loss of sensation below the lesion
- C. Loss of deep tendon reflexes
- D. Athetoid movements
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A complete posterior cord section results in loss of sensation below the lesion due to damage to the sensory pathways. Motor functions may remain intact as the anterior cord is unaffected.
Aspirin has been ordered for the child with rheumatic fever (RF) in order to:
- A. Keep the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) open
- B. Reduce joint inflammation
- C. Decrease swelling of strawberry tongue
- D. Treat ventricular hypertrophy of endocarditis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspirin helps alleviate the joint inflammation and pain experienced in RF.
The following cranial nerves carry pre-ganglionic parasympathetic nerves:
- A. Oculomotor nerve
- B. Trigeminal nerve
- C. Facial nerve
- D. Vagus nerve
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The vagus nerve carries parasympathetic fibers. The oculomotor, trigeminal, and facial nerves do not.
A harsh, blowing grade IV/VI murmur is auscultated in a 6-month-old infant. What will the nurse practitioner do next?
- A. Get a complete blood count to rule out severe anemia.
- B. Obtain an electrocardiogram to assess for arrhythmia.
- C. Order a chest radiograph to evaluate for cardiomegaly.
- D. Refer to a pediatric cardiologist for further evaluation.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A harsh, blowing murmur is suspicious for pathology, so a cardiology referral is warranted.
Common causes of seizures in a neonate are:
- A. Hypocalcaemia
- B. Hypoglycaemia
- C. Pyridoxine deficiency
- D. Hydrocephalus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because hypoglycaemia is a common cause of neonatal seizures. The other options (a, c, d, e) are also causes but less common.