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The fraction 50 / 54 is a/an:
- A. Attack rate
- B. Food-specific attack rate
- C. Incidence proportion
- D. Proportion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This fraction focuses on illness among those exposed to wedding cake.
You may also like to solve these questions
Arrange a field visit to a health-related agency that is located in your community. An example might be a public health department, nonprofit health-related organization, or research institute. Find out about how epidemiologists contribute to these settings.
- A. Field visits reveal hands-on contributions of epidemiologists to public health initiatives.
- B. Visits are purely recreational.
- C. Agencies do not employ epidemiologists.
- D. Such visits offer no educational benefit.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Field visits expose students to applied epidemiology, demonstrating how professionals address public health challenges in real-world contexts.
Aflatoxin causes,
- A. neurolathyrism
- B. hepatoma
- C. cholengio carcinoma
- D. botulism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aflatoxins are carcinogenic compounds that primarily cause liver cancer (hepatoma).
A random-digit dialed survey conducted in the City of Long Beach, California, reported that a greater proportion of nonsmokers endorsed a ban on smoking in alcohol-serving establishments than did smokers. What type of study design was this?
- A. Cross-sectional study
- B. Case-control study
- C. Ecologic study
- D. Cohort study
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is a cross-sectional study as it captures attitudes at one point in time without follow-up.
A local health department epidemiologist investigated an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness thought to be associated with a college cafeteria. There were many complaints about the quality of the cafeteria's offerings, and it appeared that the students' worst expectations were confirmed when several students visited the college's infirmary during the middle of the night and the following day complaining of nausea, diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and cramps. The health department's investigation revealed that 24 students had eaten in the cafeteria immediately before the outbreak. The times between eating in the cafeteria and the development of active symptoms ranged from 20 to 36 hours. A list of foods eaten, the number of persons eating the foods, and tabulations of illness are presented in Appendix 12. Fill in the attack rates where indicated. On the basis of your calculations, answer the following questions: What food or foods would you suspect caused the problem?
- A. Chicken salad
- B. Potato salad
- C. Both A and B
- D. Neither A nor B
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High attack rates for both chicken and potato salads suggest they were contaminated.
How does the 'healthy worker effect' influence the interpretation of findings from occupational health research?
- A. It tends to decrease mortality differences between workers and the general population.
- B. It tends to increase mortality differences between workers and the general population.
- C. It has no impact on mortality comparisons.
- D. It only affects morbidity rates.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The healthy worker effect biases comparisons because workers are generally healthier than the general population, reducing apparent mortality differences.