Nokea
The gender of an infant will be female unless:
- A. Two X chromosomes are received from the mother.
- B. The short arm of the Y chromosome is received from the father.
- C. Conception occurs during the last half of the female reproductive cycle.
- D. The mother's ovary produces testosterone early in pregnancy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of the Y chromosome, specifically its short arm, triggers male development. Without it, the default development is female.
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Which treatment option minimizes the development of lymphedema in the surgical management of a patient with breast cancer?
- A. Radical mastectomy procedure
- B. Radiation therapy
- C. Sentinel lymph node mapping
- D. Ultrasound
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sentinel lymph node mapping. This procedure helps identify and remove only the lymph nodes most likely to contain cancer cells, reducing the risk of lymphedema. A: Radical mastectomy is an extensive surgery that may increase the risk of lymphedema. B: Radiation therapy can also contribute to lymphedema. D: Ultrasound is not a treatment option for minimizing lymphedema in breast cancer surgery. Therefore, C is the best choice for minimizing the development of lymphedema.
The funnel-shaped, open-ended portion of the oviduct is called the:
- A. Isthmus
- B. Ampulla
- C. Infundibulum
- D. Fimbriae
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped, open-ended portion of the oviduct.
To prevent contamination and encourage drying of the umbilical cord stump, caregivers should be advised to
- A. give the newborn daily tub baths
- B. pull on the cord stump daily
- C. fold diapers down to avoid covering the cord stump
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keeping the cord stump exposed to air promotes drying and reduces infection risk.
Erection of the penis occurs when:
- A. Blood is trapped within the organ's spongy tissue.
- B. Warmth allows relaxation of the perineal muscles.
- C. The number of spermatozoa reaches 250 million in the testes.
- D. The cremaster muscle relaxes on each side.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erection occurs when blood fills the spongy tissue of the penis, becoming trapped and causing rigidity.
The posterior ligament forms a deep pouch known as the perineal body.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. NA
- D. NA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The posterior ligament forms the posterior cul-de-sac of Douglas, not the perineal body.