Nokea
The goal of nursing is to put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him'. This was stated by
- A. Henderson
- B. Jean Watson
- C. Marta Rogers
- D. Florence Nightingale
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: This quote reflects a historical view of nursing as facilitating natural healing, attributed to Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing. In her 1859 work, *Notes on Nursing*, she emphasized optimizing the patient's environment cleanliness, air, and rest for recovery. Henderson defined nursing through 14 basic needs, Watson focused on caring theory, and Rogers developed a science of unitary beings none match this phrasing. Nightingale's philosophy shaped nursing's focus on holistic care, influencing practice for centuries by prioritizing patient conditions over direct intervention.
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Which of the following do not correctly correlates the increase BP of Ms. Aida, a 70 year old diabetic?
- A. Females, after the age 65 tends to have lower BP than males
- B. Disease process like Diabetes increase BP
- C. BP is highest in the morning, and lowest during the night
- D. Africans, have a greater risk of hypertension than Caucasian and Asians.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Females over 65 often have higher BP e.g., post-menopause not lower, contradicting Aida's rise. Diabetes (vessel damage), morning peaks (circadian), African risk (genetics) align. Nurses note this e.g., elderly diabetics for management.
Which activity is an example of health promotion by the nurse
- A. Administering immunizations
- B. Giving a bedbath
- C. Preventing complications after an accident
- D. Performing diagnostic procedures
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Health promotion enhances well-being and prevents disease proactively administering immunizations (e.g., measles vaccine) exemplifies this, boosting immunity before illness strikes. Giving a bedbath is hygiene, not promotion supportive, not preventive. Preventing complications post-accident is tertiary prevention, managing existing issues, not promoting health preemptively. Diagnostic procedures (e.g., blood tests) detect, not promote assessment, not prevention. Immunizations align with health promotion's focus on empowering clients against disease, a core nursing role in public health, making this the standout example.
The thyroid hormone is responsible for
- A. Regulation of calcium
- B. Regulation of the body's metabolism
- C. Regulation of sodium
- D. Regulation of potassium
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Thyroid hormone regulates metabolism e.g., energy use unlike calcium (parathyroid), sodium/potassium (adrenals). Nurses assess e.g., weight for function, per physiology.
An infant with Tetralogy of Fallot is discharged with a prescription for Lanoxin elixir. The nurse should instruct the mother to:
- A. Administer the medication using a nipple
- B. Administer the medication using the calibrated dropper in the bottle
- C. Administer the medication using a plastic baby spoon
- D. Administer the medication in a baby bottle with 1oz of water
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Using the calibrated dropper ensures accurate dosing of Lanoxin (digoxin) elixir for an infant with Tetralogy of Fallot, critical due to its narrow therapeutic range and cardiac effects. Nipples, spoons, or dilution in bottles risk under- or overdosing. Nurses teach this method to parents, stressing precision to manage heart defects safely, preventing toxicity or inefficacy.
The nurse is caring for a client who sustained a traumatic brain injury. Which intervention should the nurse perform to prevent an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP)?
- A. Suction the client every hour
- B. Maintain the head of the bed at 30 degrees
- C. Encourage the client to cough frequently
- D. Administer a bolus of intravenous fluids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Maintaining HOB at 30 degrees (B) reduces ICP by aiding venous drainage. Hourly suctioning (A) or coughing (C) raises ICP. Fluid bolus (D) may worsen it. B is correct. Rationale: Elevation optimizes cerebral perfusion pressure while minimizing ICP, per brain injury care standards, unlike actions that increase intrathoracic pressure.