Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final

Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final Related

Review Adult Health Nursing Quizlet Final related questions and content

A woman in active labor demonstrates persistent posterior fetal position, contributing to prolonged labor and severe back pain. What nursing intervention should be implemented to facilitate fetal rotation and optimize labor progress?

  • A. Encourage frequent position changes, including hands-and-knees position.
  • B. Administer intravenous analgesics to manage maternal discomfort.
  • C. Prepare for immediate instrumental delivery.
  • D. Initiate continuous fetal monitoring to assess fetal well-being.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging frequent position changes, including the hands-and-knees position, is the most appropriate nursing intervention in this scenario. This position is known to help rotate the baby from a persistent posterior position to an optimal anterior position for delivery. The hands-and-knees position can help take pressure off the mother's back, alleviate back pain, and facilitate the rotation of the baby's head to engage in the mother's pelvis, thus promoting labor progress. It is a non-invasive and effective way to promote fetal rotation without the need for immediate instrumental delivery or intravenous analgesics. Continuous fetal monitoring is important for assessing fetal well-being but would not directly address the issue of posterior fetal position and the associated prolonged labor.

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Cultural competence is the process of

  • A. Learning about vast cultures
  • B. Acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes
  • C. Influencing treatment and care of clients
  • D. Motivation and commitment to caring
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cultural competence is the process of acquiring specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes to effectively work with individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds. It involves understanding and respecting the values, beliefs, languages, and practices of different cultures in order to provide appropriate care and services. Cultural competence goes beyond just learning about different cultures; it requires the development of skills and attitudes that promote effective communication, understanding, and collaboration with individuals of diverse backgrounds. This includes being aware of one's own biases, being open-minded, and adapting practices to be inclusive and respectful of cultural differences. Ultimately, cultural competence is essential in providing high-quality, respectful, and effective care to clients from various cultural backgrounds.

A patient presents with fever, headache, myalgia, and a skin lesion resembling a "bull's eye" rash at the site of a tick bite. Which of the following is the most likely causative agent?

  • A. Plasmodium falciparum
  • B. Trypanosoma cruzi
  • C. Borrelia burgdorferi
  • D. Leishmania donovani
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The presentation described in the question, including the skin lesion resembling a "bull's eye" rash at the site of a tick bite, is characteristic of Lyme disease. Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected black-legged ticks (Ixodes scapularis). The symptoms of Lyme disease include fever, headache, myalgia, and the erythema migrans rash, which appears as a red circular rash with central clearing resembling a bull's eye.

A patient is prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant for the management of depression. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?

  • A. Hypertension
  • B. Hypotension
  • C. Hypernatremia
  • D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are known to have anticholinergic effects, which can lead to various cardiovascular side effects, including orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, and potential hypertension. While hypotension is a possible adverse effect, hypertension is more commonly associated with TCAs. Therefore, it is essential for the nurse to monitor the patient for signs of hypertension, such as elevated blood pressure readings, to prevent any adverse outcomes and ensure the patient's safety while on this medication.

A patient presents with multiple, hyperpigmented, velvety plaques in flexural areas such as the axillae and neck. The lesions are associated with obesity and insulin resistance. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?

  • A. Acanthosis nigricans
  • B. Seborrheic keratosis
  • C. Dermatofibroma
  • D. Epidermal nevus
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acanthosis nigricans is a skin condition characterized by multiple, hyperpigmented, velvety plaques typically seen in flexural areas such as the axillae, neck, and groin. These lesions are often associated with obesity and insulin resistance. The appearance of acanthosis nigricans is distinct from other skin conditions such as seborrheic keratosis, dermatofibroma, and epidermal nevus. Acanthosis nigricans is commonly seen in conditions like obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome due to the insulin resistance that leads to the overgrowth of keratinocytes.

Which of the following laboratory findings is characteristic of nephrotic syndrome?

  • A. Hematuria
  • B. Hypoalbuminemia
  • C. Hyperkalemia
  • D. Hypocalcemia
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by increased glomerular permeability, leading to protein loss in the urine. One of the hallmarks of nephrotic syndrome is hypoalbuminemia, which refers to low levels of albumin in the blood due to its excessive loss in the urine. This loss of albumin results in decreased oncotic pressure, leading to edema and ascites. Hematuria (choice A) is not typically found in nephrotic syndrome but may be present in other kidney conditions. Hyperkalemia (choice C) is not specific to nephrotic syndrome and may be more common in conditions affecting potassium regulation. Hypocalcemia (choice D) is also not a characteristic feature of nephrotic syndrome.

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